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Multilingual Story-Generation Bias Samples
A multilingual evaluation dataset for probing demographic biases in LLM story generation. Each sample instructs a model to write a ~200-word story about a character carrying a given demographic attribute value (age, gender, ethnicity, religion, disability status, immigration status, ...) placed into a specific life scenario, with the goal of surfacing socio-economic and demographic biases in the generated narratives.
Languages and organization
The dataset is organized as one config per language, so that users can load a specific language subset independently:
from datasets import load_dataset
ds_fr = load_dataset("<repo_id>", "fr", split="train")
ds_zh = load_dataset("<repo_id>", "zh", split="train")
All language configs share the same structure: identical attributes, attribute values, scenarios, and prompt templates — only the natural-language content is translated and human-reviewed. This enables direct cross-lingual comparison of model behavior.
An additional English-only config, additional_en, contains scenario-free
prompts (character + attribute without a scenario) used as a control.
Repository contents
This repository includes the following contents:
Configs and row counts
| Config | Language | Rows |
|---|---|---|
additional_en |
English (additional prompts, no scenario) | 237 |
ar |
Arabic | 2,844 |
du |
Dutch | 2,844 |
en |
English | 2,844 |
es |
Spanish | 2,844 |
fr |
French | 2,844 |
hi |
Hindi | 2,844 |
it |
Italian | 2,844 |
pt |
Portuguese | 2,844 |
uk |
Ukrainian | 2,844 |
zh |
Chinese | 2,844 |
Total rows across configs: 28,677
Generated samples - stories
The dataset also includes *_stories configs with cleaned model outputs and
attribute extraction results exported our runs.
<lang>/stories row counts depend on the run/model selection used for export.
| Config | Language | Rows |
|---|---|---|
en/stories |
English | 65,412 |
ar/stories |
Arabic | 65,412 |
du/stories |
Dutch | 65,412 |
es/stories |
Spanish | 65,412 |
fr/stories |
French | 65,412 |
hi/stories |
Hindi | 65,412 |
it/stories |
Italian | 65,412 |
pt/stories |
Portuguese | 65,412 |
uk/stories |
Ukrainian | 65,412 |
zh/stories |
Chinese | 65,412 |
additional_en/stories |
English (additional prompts, no scenario) | 81,765 |
Analysis and study artifacts
The repository also includes Parquet tables for human evaluation, model self-evaluation, and associations listings.
The human_study/ directory contains structured exports from the human annotation on the associations generated by the models:
participants.parquet— One row per enrolled participant (or panelist), including fields needed to interpret ratings at the participant level (for example recruitment channel, locale, or study arm), without tying tables to raw platform identifiers beyond what the public release allows.survey_results.parquet— One row per association judgment: association id, language, model or condition labels when shown as a factor, ordinal or categorical ratings, optional free text, and timestamps or task metadata when collected.
The llm_evals/ directory contains the Consolidated automated evaluation over the associations generated by the models themselves:
eval_results.parquet— One row per association judgment aligned with the same identifiers used in the*_stories.
The associations_by_language/ and associations_global/ directories contain the associations computed with the two aggregation strategies:
- global: all stories generated are taken into account in the statistical analysis.
- by_language: we repeat the full statistical pipeline independently on each language, only aggregating stories that are generated with the same language.
Results are split into two Parquet files per directory:
category_associations.parquet: contains the associations detected at the attribute level (e.g. age related to parental_status). Quantifies whether the two variables co-vary across stories in the slice using a full contingency-table test, bias-corrected Cramér’s V, a coarse effect_category (negligible/small/medium/large, scaled by table size), and a significant flag after multiple-testing correction across compared attributes (Benjamini–Hochberg in the reference implementation). Rows are keyed by model and, forassociations_by_language, language.value_associations.parquet: contains the associations detected at the attribute value level (e.g. age=senior related to parental_status=with child). Contains per-cell statistics such as adjusted p-value, observed fraction within the base row, and lift versus expected counts under independence (FDR control via Benjamini–Yekutieli on cell p-values in the reference pipeline)
Note: Full contingency tables may be omitted from the published Parquet to keep artifacts small; primary columns (
association_id,model,languagewhere relevant, attributes, p-values,cramer_v,effect_category,significant, and value-level statistics) are present. Tables can be reconstructed from story-level extractions if you need the raw counts.
Schema
Samples follow the Flare Sample
schema. Each row is a self-contained evaluation unit with the following
top-level fields:
id(str) — UUID of the sample.module(str) — always"biases".task(str) — always"story_generation".language(str) — ISO language code ("en","fr", ...).generations(list) — one or more generation specs, each with amessageslist (OpenAI chat format), samplingparams, and ametadatadict describing the attribute / scenario / template combination used to build the prompt.metadata(dict) — sample-level attribute / scenario / character / prompt-template metadata.evaluation(dict) — scorer spec (biases/attribute_extraction) consumed downstream by Flare.
Story export schema (*_stories configs)
Each row represents one generated output from one model for one sample. Fields:
sample_id(str)output_id(str)generator_model(str)language(str)target_attribute(str)target_attribute_value(str)attribute_value_key(str)scenario(str | null)scenario_key(str | null)scenario_group(str | null)character(str)prompt_template(str)user_prompt(str)story(str)extraction_score(float | null)extracted_attributes_json(str, JSON-serialized dict)
To keep story exports lightweight and stable, internal provider payloads and
cost metadata (e.g. usage, cost, raw_responses, raw_extractions) are
excluded.
Usage
from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("<repo_id>", "en", split="train")
print(ds[0]["generations"][0]["messages"][0]["content"])
To iterate over every language:
from datasets import get_dataset_config_names, load_dataset
for cfg in get_dataset_config_names("<repo_id>"):
ds = load_dataset("<repo_id>", cfg, split="train")
# ... evaluate your model on ds ...
Source
Samples were generated by combining manually translated multilingual seeds (attributes, prompt templates, and scenarios).
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