A new dataset of 7,787 genuine grade-school level, multiple-choice science questions, assembled to encourage research in advanced question-answering. The dataset is partitioned into a Challenge Set and an Easy Set, where the former contains only questions answered incorrectly by both a retrieval-based algorithm and a word co-occurrence algorithm. We are also including a corpus of over 14 million science sentences relevant to the task, and an implementation of three neural baseline models for this dataset. We pose ARC as a challenge to the community.

Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

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Languages

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Dataset Structure

Data Instances

ARC-Challenge

Size of downloaded dataset files: 680.84 MB
Size of the generated dataset: 0.83 MB
Total amount of disk used: 681.67 MB

An example of 'train' looks as follows.

{
    "answerKey": "B",
    "choices": {
        "label": ["A", "B", "C", "D"],
        "text": ["Shady areas increased.", "Food sources increased.", "Oxygen levels increased.", "Available water increased."]
    },
    "id": "Mercury_SC_405487",
    "question": "One year, the oak trees in a park began producing more acorns than usual. The next year, the population of chipmunks in the park also increased. Which best explains why there were more chipmunks the next year?"
}

ARC-Easy

Size of downloaded dataset files: 680.84 MB
Size of the generated dataset: 1.45 MB
Total amount of disk used: 682.29 MB

An example of 'train' looks as follows.

{
    "answerKey": "B",
    "choices": {
        "label": ["A", "B", "C", "D"],
        "text": ["Shady areas increased.", "Food sources increased.", "Oxygen levels increased.", "Available water increased."]
    },
    "id": "Mercury_SC_405487",
    "question": "One year, the oak trees in a park began producing more acorns than usual. The next year, the population of chipmunks in the park also increased. Which best explains why there were more chipmunks the next year?"
}

Data Fields

The data fields are the same among all splits.

ARC-Challenge

id: a string feature.
question: a string feature.
choices: a dictionary feature containing:
- text: a string feature.
- label: a string feature.
answerKey: a string feature.

ARC-Easy

id: a string feature.
question: a string feature.
choices: a dictionary feature containing:
- text: a string feature.
- label: a string feature.
answerKey: a string feature.

Data Splits

name	train	validation	test
ARC-Challenge	1119	299	1172
ARC-Easy	2251	570	2376

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

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Source Data

Initial Data Collection and Normalization

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Who are the source language producers?

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Annotations

Considerations for Using the Data

Social Impact of Dataset

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Discussion of Biases

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Other Known Limitations

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Additional Information

Dataset Curators

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Licensing Information

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Citation Information

@article{allenai:arc,
      author    = {Peter Clark  and Isaac Cowhey and Oren Etzioni and Tushar Khot and
                    Ashish Sabharwal and Carissa Schoenick and Oyvind Tafjord},
      title     = {Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge},
      journal   = {arXiv:1803.05457v1},
      year      = {2018},
}