RozyShindra/MED_NER · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 1 5	tokens sequencelengths 1 137	ner_tags sequencelengths 1 137
0	[ "IL-2 gene", "expression", "and", "NF-kappa B", "activation", "through", "CD28", "requires", "reactive", "oxygen", "production", "by", "5-lipoxygenase", "." ]	[ 4, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
1	[ "Activation", "of", "the", "CD28", "CD28 surface receptor", "provides", "a", "major", "costimulatory", "signal", "for", "T", "cell", "activation", "resulting", "in", "enhanced", "production", "of", "interleukin-2", "(", "IL-2", ")", "and", "cell", "proliferation", ...	[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
2	[ "In", "primary T lymphocytes", "we", "show", "that", "CD28", "ligation", "leads", "to", "the", "rapid", "intracellular", "formation", "of", "reactive", "oxygen", "intermediates", "(", "ROIs", ")", "which", "are", "required", "for", "CD28", "-mediated", "activation...	[ 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]
3	[ "Delineation", "of", "the", "CD28", "signaling", "cascade", "was", "found", "to", "involve", "protein tyrosine kinase", "activity", ",", "followed", "by", "the", "activation", "of", "phospholipase A2", "and", "5-lipoxygenase", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]
4	[ "Our", "data", "suggest", "that", "lipoxygenase", "lipoxygenase metabolites", "activate", "ROI", "formation", "which", "then", "induce", "IL-2", "expression", "via", "NF-kappa B", "activation", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]
5	[ "These", "findings", "should", "be", "useful", "for", "therapeutic", "strategies", "and", "the", "development", "of", "immunosuppressants", "targeting", "the", "CD28", "costimulatory", "pathway", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]
6	[ "The", "peri-kappa B site", "mediates", "human immunodeficiency virus type 2 enhancer", "activation", "in", "monocytes", "but", "not", "in", "T cells", "." ]	[ 0, 4, 0, 4, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]
7	[ "Human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "2", "(", "HIV-2", "),", "like", "HIV-1", ",", "causes", "AIDS", "and", "is", "associated", "with", "AIDS", "cases", "primarily", "in", "West", "Africa." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
8	[ "HIV-1", "and", "HIV-2", "display", "significant", "differences", "in", "nucleic acid sequence", "and", "in", "the", "natural", "history", "of", "clinical", "disease." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
9	[ "Consistent", "with", "these", "differences,", "we", "have", "previously", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "enhancer/promoter region", "of", "HIV-2", "functions", "quite", "differently", "from", "that", "of", "HIV-1", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
10	[ "Whereas", "activation", "of", "the", "HIV-1 enhancer", "following", "T-cell", "stimulation", "is", "mediated", "largely", "through", "binding", "of", "the", "transcription factor", "NF-kappa B", "to", "two", "adjacent", "kappa B sites", "kappa B site", "s", "in", "th...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]
11	[ "We", "have", "now", "identified", "a", "novel", "cis-acting element", "within", "the", "HIV-2 enhancer", ",", "immediately", "upstream", "of", "the", "kappa B site", ",", "designated", "peri-kappa B", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]
12	[ "This", "site", "is", "conserved", "among", "isolates", "of", "HIV-2", "and", "the", "closely", "related", "simian", "immunodeficiency", "virus", ",", "and", "transfection", "assays", "show", "this", "site", "to", "mediate", "HIV-2 enhancer", "activation", "follow...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]
13	[ "This", "is", "the", "first", "description", "of", "an", "HIV-2 enhancer element", "enhancer element", "which", "displays", "such", "monocyte", "specificity,", "and", "no", "comparable", "enhancer", "element", "has", "been", "clearly", "defined", "for", "HIV-1", "."...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
14	[ "While", "a", "nuclear factor", "(s)", "from", "both", "peripheral blood monocytes", "monocytes", "and", "T cells", "binds", "the", "peri-kappa B site", ",", "electrophoretic", "mobility", "shift", "assays", "suggest", "that", "either", "a", "different", "protein", "b...	[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
15	[ "Further,", "while", "specific", "constitutive", "binding", "to", "the", "peri-kappa B site", "is", "seen", "in", "monocytes", ",", "stimulation", "with", "phorbol", "esters", "induces", "additional,", "specific", "binding." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
16	[ "Understanding", "the", "monocyte-specific", "function", "of", "the", "peri-kappa B factor", "may", "ultimately", "provide", "insight", "into", "the", "different", "role", "monocytes", "and", "T cells", "play", "in", "HIV", "pathogenesis", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
17	[ "E1A gene", "expression", "induces", "susceptibility", "to", "killing", "by", "NK cells", "following", "immortalization", "but", "not", "adenovirus", "infection", "of", "human cells", "." ]	[ 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]
18	[ "Adenovirus", "(Ad)", "infection", "and", "E1A", "transfection", "were", "used", "to", "model", "changes", "in", "susceptibility", "to", "NK", "cell", "killing", "caused", "by", "transient", "vs", "stable", "E1A", "expression", "in", "human cells", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]
19	[ "Only", "stably", "transfected target cells", "exhibited", "cytolytic", "susceptibility,", "despite", "expression", "of", "equivalent", "levels", "of", "E1A proteins", "in", "Ad-infected targets", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0 ]
20	[ "The", "inability", "of", "E1A gene", "products", "to", "induce", "cytolytic", "susceptibility", "during", "infection", "was", "not", "explained", "by", "an", "inhibitory", "effect", "of", "viral", "infection", "on", "otherwise", "susceptible", "target cells", "or",...	[ 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]
21	[ "This", "differential", "effect", "of", "E1A", "expression", "on", "the", "cytolytic", "phenotypes", "of", "infected", "and", "stably", "transfected", "human cells", "suggests", "that", "human NK cells", "NK cells", "provide", "an", "effective", "immunologic", "barrie...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 5, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
22	[ "Distinct", "signaling", "properties", "identify", "functionally", "different", "CD4 epitopes", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
23	[ "The", "CD4 coreceptor", "interacts", "with", "non-polymorphic regions", "of", "major histocompatibility complex class II molecules", "on", "antigen-presenting cells", "and", "contributes", "to", "T", "cell", "activation", "." ]	[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
24	[ "We", "have", "investigated", "the", "effect", "of", "CD4", "triggering", "on", "T", "cell", "activating", "signals", "in", "a", "lymphoma", "model", "using", "monoclonal antibodies", "(", "mAb", ")", "which", "recognize", "different", "CD4 epitopes", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
25	[ "We", "demonstrate", "that", "CD4", "triggering", "delivers", "signals", "capable", "of", "activating", "the", "NF-AT transcription factor", "which", "is", "required", "for", "interleukin-2", "gene", "expression", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]
26	[ "Whereas", "different", "anti-CD4 mAb", "or", "HIV-1 gp120", "could", "all", "trigger", "activation", "of", "the", "protein tyrosine kinases", "p56lck", "and", "p59fyn", "and", "phosphorylation", "of", "the", "Shc adaptor protein", ",", "which", "mediates", "signals", ...	[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
27	[ "Lack", "of", "full", "activation", "of", "NF-AT", "could", "be", "correlated", "to", "a", "dramatically", "reduced", "capacity", "to", "induce", "calcium", "flux", "and", "could", "be", "complemented", "with", "a", "calcium", "ionophore", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
28	[ "The", "results", "identify", "functionally", "distinct", "epitopes", "on", "the", "CD4 coreceptor", "involved", "in", "activation", "of", "the", "Ras", "Ras /protein kinase C", "/protein kinase C", "and", "calcium", "pathways", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
29	[ "Ligand-dependent", "repression", "of", "the", "erythroid transcription factor", "GATA-1", "by", "the", "estrogen receptor", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
30	[ "High-dose", "estrogen", "administration", "induces", "anemia", "in", "mammals", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
31	[ "In", "chickens,", "estrogens", "stimulate", "outgrowth", "of", "bone marrow-derived erythroid progenitor cells", "and", "delay", "their", "maturation", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
32	[ "This", "delay", "is", "associated", "with", "down-regulation", "of", "many", "erythroid cell-specific genes", ",", "including", "alpha-", "and", "beta-", "globin", ",", "band 3", ",", "band 4.1", ",", "and", "the", "erythroid cell-specific histone", "H5", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0 ]
33	[ "We", "show", "here", "that", "estrogens", "also", "reduce", "the", "number", "of", "erythroid progenitor cells", "in", "primary human bone marrow cultures", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 1, 0 ]
34	[ "To", "address", "potential", "mechanisms", "by", "which", "estrogens", "suppress", "erythropoiesis", ",", "we", "have", "examined", "their", "effects", "on", "GATA-1", ",", "an", "erythroid transcription factor", "that", "participates", "in", "the", "regulation", "...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]
35	[ "We", "demonstrate", "that", "the", "transcriptional", "activity", "of", "GATA-1", "is", "strongly", "repressed", "by", "the", "estrogen receptor", "(", "ER", ")", "in", "a", "ligand-dependent", "manner", "and", "that", "this", "repression", "is", "reversible", ...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
36	[ "ER", "-mediated", "repression", "of", "GATA-1", "activity", "occurs", "on", "an", "artificial promoter", "containing", "a", "single", "GATA-binding site", ",", "as", "well", "as", "in", "the", "context", "of", "an", "intact promoter", "which", "is", "normally", ...	[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
37	[ "GATA-1", "and", "ER", "bind", "to", "each", "other", "in", "vitro", "in", "the", "absence", "of", "DNA." ]	[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
38	[ "In", "coimmunoprecipitation", "experiments", "using", "transfected", "COS cells", ",", "GATA-1", "and", "ER", "associate", "in", "a", "ligand-dependent", "manner", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
39	[ "Mapping", "experiments", "indicate", "that", "GATA-1", "and", "the", "ER", "form", "at", "least", "two", "contacts,", "which", "involve", "the", "finger", "region", "and", "the", "N-terminal activation domain", "of", "GATA-1", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]
40	[ "We", "speculate", "that", "estrogens", "exert", "effects", "on", "erythropoiesis", "by", "modulating", "GATA-1", "activity", "through", "protein-protein", "interaction", "with", "the", "ER", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
41	[ "(ABSTRACT", "TRUNCATED", "AT", "250", "WORDS)" ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
42	[ "Mouse interleukin-2 receptor alpha gene", "interleukin-2", "receptor", "alpha", "gene", "expression", "." ]	[ 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
43	[ "Interleukin-1", "and", "interleukin-2", "control", "transcription", "via", "distinct", "cis-acting elements", "." ]	[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]
44	[ "We", "have", "shown", "that", "interleukin-1", "(", "IL-1", ")", "and", "IL-2", "control", "IL-2 receptor alpha", "IL-2 receptor alpha ( IL-2R alpha ) gene", "IL-2R alpha", ")", "gene", "transcription", "in", "CD4-CD8- murine T lymphocyte precursors", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]
45	[ "Here", "we", "map", "the", "cis-acting elements", "that", "mediate", "interleukin", "responsiveness", "of", "the", "mouse IL-2R alpha", "mouse IL-2R alpha gene", "using", "a", "thymic lymphoma-derived hybridoma", "(", "PC60", ")." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 4, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]
46	[ "The", "transcriptional", "response", "of", "the", "IL-2R alpha gene", "IL-2", "R", "alpha", "gene", "to", "stimulation", "by", "IL-1", "+", "IL-2", "is", "biphasic." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
47	[ "IL-1", "induces", "a", "rapid,", "protein", "synthesis-independent", "appearance", "of", "IL-2R alpha", "IL-2R alpha mRNA", "that", "is", "blocked", "by", "inhibitors", "of", "NF-kappa B", "activation", "." ]	[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]
48	[ "It", "also", "primes", "cells", "to", "become", "IL-2", "responsive", "and", "thereby", "prepares", "the", "second", "phase,", "in", "which", "IL-2", "induces", "a", "100-fold", "further", "increase", "in", "IL-2R alpha transcripts", "IL-2R alpha", "transcripts", ...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 2, 0, 0 ]
49	[ "Transient", "transfection", "experiments", "show", "that", "several", "elements", "in", "the", "promoter-proximal region", "of", "the", "IL-2R alpha gene", "IL-2R alpha", "gene", "contribute", "to", "IL-1", "responsiveness,", "most", "importantly", "an", "NF-kappa B site...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
50	[ "IL-2", "responsiveness", ",", "on", "the", "other", "hand,", "depends", "on", "a", "78-nucleotide segment", "1.3", "kilobases", "upstream", "of", "the", "major transcription start site", "." ]	[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]
51	[ "This", "segment", "functions", "as", "an", "IL-2-inducible enhancer", "and", "lies", "within", "a", "region", "that", "becomes", "DNase I", "hypersensitive", "in", "normal", "T cells", "in", "which", "IL-2R alpha", "expression", "has", "been", "induced." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
52	[ "IL-2", "responsiveness", "requires", "three", "distinct", "elements", "within", "the", "enhancer", "." ]	[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]
53	[ "Two", "of", "these", "are", "potential", "binding", "sites", "for", "STAT proteins", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
54	[ "Hematopoietic lineage", "commitment", ":", "role", "of", "transcription factors", "." ]	[ 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
55	[ "This", "review", "focuses", "on", "the", "roles", "of", "transcription factors", "in", "hematopoietic", "lineage", "commitment", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
56	[ "A", "brief", "introduction", "to", "lineage", "commitment", "and", "asymmetric", "cell", "division", "is", "followed", "by", "a", "discussion", "of", "several", "methods", "used", "to", "identify", "transcription factors", "important", "in", "specifying", "hematopo...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]
57	[ "Next", "is", "presented", "a", "discussion", "of", "the", "use", "of", "embryonic stem cells", "in", "the", "analysis", "of", "hematopoietic gene", "expression", "and", "the", "use", "of", "targeted", "gene", "disruption", "to", "analyze", "the", "role", "of", ...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]
58	[ "Finally,", "the", "status", "of", "our", "current", "knowledge", "concerning", "the", "roles", "of", "transcription factors", "in", "the", "commitment", "to", "erythroid", ",", "myeloid", "and", "lymphoid", "cell", "types", "is", "summarized." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
59	[ "Epstein-Barr", "virus", "replicative", "gene", "transcription", "during", "de", "novo", "infection", "of", "human thymocytes", ":", "simultaneous", "early", "expression", "of", "BZLF-1", "and", "its", "repressor", "RAZ", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
60	[ "Epstein-Barr", "virus", "(", "EBV", ")", "is", "known", "to", "infect", "B cells", "and", "epithelial cells", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0 ]
61	[ "We", "and", "others", "have", "shown", "that", "EBV", "can", "also", "infect", "a", "subset", "of", "thymocytes", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]
62	[ "Infection", "of", "thymocytes", "was", "accompanied", "by", "the", "appearance", "of", "linear EBV genome", "within", "8", "hr", "of", "infection." ]	[ 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
63	[ "Circularization", "of", "the", "EBV genome", "was", "not", "detected." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0 ]
64	[ "This", "is", "in", "contrast", "to", "the", "infection", "in", "B cells", "where", "the", "genome", "can", "circularize", "within", "24", "hr", "of", "infection." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
65	[ "The", "appearance", "of", "the", "BamHI ZLF-1 gene product", ",", "ZEBRA", ",", "by", "RT-PCR", ",", "was", "observed", "within", "8", "hr", "of", "infection." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
66	[ "The", "appearance", "of", "a", "novel", "fusion transcript", "(", "RAZ", "),", "which", "comprised", "regions", "of", "the", "BZLF-1", "BZLF-1 locus", "and", "the", "adjacent", "BRLF-1 locus", ",", "was", "detected", "by", "RT-PCR", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 4, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
67	[ "ZEBRA", "ZEBRA protein", "was", "also", "identified", "in", "infected", "thymocytes", "by", "immunoprecipitation", "." ]	[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0 ]
68	[ "In", "addition,", "we", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "EBNA-1 gene", "EBNA-1", "gene", "in", "infected", "thymocytes", "was", "transcribed", "from", "the", "Fp promoter", ",", "rather", "than", "from", "the", "Cp/Wp promoter", "which", "is", "used", "in", "lat...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 5, 0 ]
69	[ "Transcripts", "encoding", "gp350/220", ",", "the", "major coat protein", "of", "EBV", ",", "were", "identified,", "but", "we", "did", "not", "find", "any", "evidence", "of", "transcription", "from", "the", "LMP-2A", "or", "EBER-1 loci", "in", "infected", "thymo...	[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]
70	[ "These", "observations", "suggest", "that", "de", "novo", "EBV", "infection", "of", "thymocytes", "differs", "from", "infection", "of", "B cells", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]
71	[ "The", "main", "difference", "is", "that", "with", "thymocytes", ",", "no", "evidence", "could", "be", "found", "that", "the", "virus", "ever", "circularizes." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
72	[ "Rather,", "EBV", "remains", "in", "a", "linear", "configuration", "from", "which", "replicative genes", "are", "transcribed." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0 ]
73	[ "Identification", "and", "purification", "of", "human Stat proteins", "activated", "in", "response", "to", "interleukin-2", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
74	[ "A", "key", "cytokine", "induced", "during", "the", "immune", "response", "is", "IL-2", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
75	[ "Following", "T", "cell", "activation", ",", "the", "genes", "encoding", "IL-2", "and", "the", "various", "chains", "of", "its", "receptor", "are", "transcriptionally", "induced." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
76	[ "In", "turn,", "secreted", "IL-2", "serves", "to", "stimulate", "the", "proliferation", "and", "differentiation", "of", "T lymphocytes", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]
77	[ "Several", "recent", "studies", "have", "implicated", "Jak", "kinases", "in", "the", "signaling", "pathway", "induced", "by", "IL-2", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
78	[ "Following", "this", "lead,", "we", "set", "out", "to", "identify", "transcription factors", "induced", "in", "response", "to", "IL-2", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
79	[ "Human peripheral blood lymphocytes", "were", "observed", "to", "contain", "several", "IL-2", "-inducible", "DNA", "binding", "activities", "." ]	[ 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
80	[ "Similar", "activities", "were", "also", "observed", "in", "a", "transformed human lymphocyte line", ",", "termed", "YT", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]
81	[ "We", "have", "purified", "these", "activities", "and", "found", "that", "the", "principal", "IL-2", "IL-2 -inducible component", "bears", "significant", "relatedness", "to", "a", "prolactin-induced transcription factor", "first", "identified", "in", "sheep mammary gland ti...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]
82	[ "We", "hypothesize", "that", "activation", "of", "this", "protein,", "designated", "hStat5", ",", "helps", "govern", "the", "biological", "effects", "of", "IL-2", "during", "the", "immune", "response", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
83	[ "E2F-1", "and", "a", "cyclin-like DNA repair enzyme", ",", "uracil-DNA glycosylase", ",", "provide", "evidence", "for", "an", "autoregulatory", "mechanism", "for", "transcription", "." ]	[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
84	[ "The", "cell cycle-dependent transcription factor", ",", "E2F-1", ",", "regulates", "the", "cyclin", "-like", "species", "of", "the", "DNA repair enzyme", "uracil-DNA glycosylase ( UDG ) gene", "uracil-DNA glycosylase", "(", "UDG", ")", "gene", "in", "human osteosarcoma ( Sao...	[ 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 4, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]
85	[ "We", "demonstrate,", "through", "the", "deletion", "of", "the", "human UDG promoter sequences", "UDG", "UDG promoter", "sequences", ",", "that", "expression", "of", "E2F-1", "E2F", "-1", "activates", "the", "UDG", "promoter", "through", "several", "E2F sites", "." ...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 2, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]
86	[ "The", "major putative downstream site", "for", "E2F", ",", "located", "in", "the", "first exon", ",", "serves", "as", "a", "target", "for", "E2F-1/DP1 complex", "binding", "in", "vitro." ]	[ 0, 4, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]
87	[ "We", "also", "provide", "evidence", "for", "the", "functional", "relationship", "between", "the", "cyclin-like UDG gene product", "UDG", "gene", "product", "and", "E2F", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
88	[ "High", "levels", "of", "UDG", "expression", "in", "a", "transient", "transfection", "assay", "result", "in", "the", "down-regulation", "of", "transcriptional", "activity", "through", "elements", "specific", "for", "E2F", "-mediated", "transcription", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]
89	[ "Overexpression", "of", "UDG", "in", "Saos 2 cells", "was", "observed", "to", "delay", "growth", "late", "in", "G1", "phase", "and", "transiently", "arrest", "these", "cells", "from", "progressing", "into", "the", "S", "phase", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
90	[ "This", "hypothetical", "model", "integrates", "one", "mechanism", "of", "DNA", "repair", "with", "the", "cell", "cycle", "control", "of", "gene", "transcription", ",", "likely", "through", "E2F", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]
91	[ "This", "implicates", "E2F", "as", "a", "multifunctional", "target", "for", "proteins", "and", "enzymes,", "possibly,", "responsive", "to", "DNA", "damage", "through", "the", "negative", "effect", "of", "UDG", "on", "E2F", "-mediated", "transcriptional", "activity...	[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
92	[ "Cellular", "and", "molecular", "mechanisms", "of", "IFN-gamma", "production", "induced", "by", "IL-2", "and", "IL-12", "in", "a", "human NK cell line", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]
93	[ "Interferon-gamma", "(", "IFN-gamma", ")", "is", "an", "important", "immunoregulatory protein", "produced", "predominantly", "by", "T cells", "and", "large granular lymphocytes", "(", "LGL", ")", "in", "response", "to", "different", "extracellular", "signals", "." ]	[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
94	[ "In", "particular,", "two", "interleukins", "(", "ILs", "),", "IL-2", "and", "IL-12", ",", "have", "been", "shown", "to", "be", "potent", "inducers", "of", "IFN-gamma", "gene", "expression", "in", "both", "T cells", "and", "LGL", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0 ]
95	[ "Although", "it", "has", "been", "reported", "that", "there", "are", "some", "T cell lines", "that", "produce", "IFN-gamma", "in", "response", "to", "IL-2", "and", "IL-12", "stimulation", ",", "there", "has", "as", "yet", "been", "no", "report", "of", "a", ...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
96	[ "In", "this", "report", "we", "present", "evidence", "that", "the", "cell line NK3.3", "derived", "from", "human NK cells", ",", "responds", "to", "both", "IL-2", "and", "IL-12", ",", "as", "measured", "by", "increases", "in", "IFN-gamma", "and", "granulocyte-ma...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
97	[ "In", "addition,", "when", "used", "together", "IL-2", "and", "IL-12", "synergized", "in", "the", "induction", "of", "IFN-gamma", "and", "GM-CSF", "and", "this", "synergy", "was", "attributed", "to", "an", "increased", "accumulation", "and", "stability", "of", ...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 2, 0, 3, 2, 0, 0 ]
98	[ "To", "investigate", "the", "signaling", "pathways", "involved", "in", "the", "gene", "induction,", "five", "inhibitors,", "cyclosporin", "A", "(", "CsA", "),", "transforming growth factor-beta", ",", "cycloheximide", ",", "genistein", ",", "and", "staurosporine", "...	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0 ]
99	[ "The", "results", "suggest", "that", "activation", "of", "protein kinase C", ",", "but", "not", "new", "protein", "synthesis", ",", "is", "required", "for", "IL-2", "induction", "of", "IFN-gamma", "and", "GM-CSF", "cytoplasmic", "mRNA", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

0

[ "IL-2 gene", "expression", "and", "NF-kappa B", "activation", "through", "CD28", "requires", "reactive", "oxygen", "production", "by", "5-lipoxygenase", "." ]

[ 4, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

1

[ "Activation", "of", "the", "CD28", "CD28 surface receptor", "provides", "a", "major", "costimulatory", "signal", "for", "T", "cell", "activation", "resulting", "in", "enhanced", "production", "of", "interleukin-2", "(", "IL-2", ")", "and", "cell", "proliferation", ...

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

2

[ "In", "primary T lymphocytes", "we", "show", "that", "CD28", "ligation", "leads", "to", "the", "rapid", "intracellular", "formation", "of", "reactive", "oxygen", "intermediates", "(", "ROIs", ")", "which", "are", "required", "for", "CD28", "-mediated", "activation...

[ 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

3

[ "Delineation", "of", "the", "CD28", "signaling", "cascade", "was", "found", "to", "involve", "protein tyrosine kinase", "activity", ",", "followed", "by", "the", "activation", "of", "phospholipase A2", "and", "5-lipoxygenase", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

4

[ "Our", "data", "suggest", "that", "lipoxygenase", "lipoxygenase metabolites", "activate", "ROI", "formation", "which", "then", "induce", "IL-2", "expression", "via", "NF-kappa B", "activation", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

5

[ "These", "findings", "should", "be", "useful", "for", "therapeutic", "strategies", "and", "the", "development", "of", "immunosuppressants", "targeting", "the", "CD28", "costimulatory", "pathway", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

6

[ "The", "peri-kappa B site", "mediates", "human immunodeficiency virus type 2 enhancer", "activation", "in", "monocytes", "but", "not", "in", "T cells", "." ]

[ 0, 4, 0, 4, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]

7

[ "Human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "2", "(", "HIV-2", "),", "like", "HIV-1", ",", "causes", "AIDS", "and", "is", "associated", "with", "AIDS", "cases", "primarily", "in", "West", "Africa." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

8

[ "HIV-1", "and", "HIV-2", "display", "significant", "differences", "in", "nucleic acid sequence", "and", "in", "the", "natural", "history", "of", "clinical", "disease." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

9

[ "Consistent", "with", "these", "differences,", "we", "have", "previously", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "enhancer/promoter region", "of", "HIV-2", "functions", "quite", "differently", "from", "that", "of", "HIV-1", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

10

[ "Whereas", "activation", "of", "the", "HIV-1 enhancer", "following", "T-cell", "stimulation", "is", "mediated", "largely", "through", "binding", "of", "the", "transcription factor", "NF-kappa B", "to", "two", "adjacent", "kappa B sites", "kappa B site", "s", "in", "th...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]

11

[ "We", "have", "now", "identified", "a", "novel", "cis-acting element", "within", "the", "HIV-2 enhancer", ",", "immediately", "upstream", "of", "the", "kappa B site", ",", "designated", "peri-kappa B", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]

12

[ "This", "site", "is", "conserved", "among", "isolates", "of", "HIV-2", "and", "the", "closely", "related", "simian", "immunodeficiency", "virus", ",", "and", "transfection", "assays", "show", "this", "site", "to", "mediate", "HIV-2 enhancer", "activation", "follow...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

13

[ "This", "is", "the", "first", "description", "of", "an", "HIV-2 enhancer element", "enhancer element", "which", "displays", "such", "monocyte", "specificity,", "and", "no", "comparable", "enhancer", "element", "has", "been", "clearly", "defined", "for", "HIV-1", "."...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

14

[ "While", "a", "nuclear factor", "(s)", "from", "both", "peripheral blood monocytes", "monocytes", "and", "T cells", "binds", "the", "peri-kappa B site", ",", "electrophoretic", "mobility", "shift", "assays", "suggest", "that", "either", "a", "different", "protein", "b...

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

15

[ "Further,", "while", "specific", "constitutive", "binding", "to", "the", "peri-kappa B site", "is", "seen", "in", "monocytes", ",", "stimulation", "with", "phorbol", "esters", "induces", "additional,", "specific", "binding." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

16

[ "Understanding", "the", "monocyte-specific", "function", "of", "the", "peri-kappa B factor", "may", "ultimately", "provide", "insight", "into", "the", "different", "role", "monocytes", "and", "T cells", "play", "in", "HIV", "pathogenesis", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

17

[ "E1A gene", "expression", "induces", "susceptibility", "to", "killing", "by", "NK cells", "following", "immortalization", "but", "not", "adenovirus", "infection", "of", "human cells", "." ]

[ 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]

18

[ "Adenovirus", "(Ad)", "infection", "and", "E1A", "transfection", "were", "used", "to", "model", "changes", "in", "susceptibility", "to", "NK", "cell", "killing", "caused", "by", "transient", "vs", "stable", "E1A", "expression", "in", "human cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]

19

[ "Only", "stably", "transfected target cells", "exhibited", "cytolytic", "susceptibility,", "despite", "expression", "of", "equivalent", "levels", "of", "E1A proteins", "in", "Ad-infected targets", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0 ]

20

[ "The", "inability", "of", "E1A gene", "products", "to", "induce", "cytolytic", "susceptibility", "during", "infection", "was", "not", "explained", "by", "an", "inhibitory", "effect", "of", "viral", "infection", "on", "otherwise", "susceptible", "target cells", "or",...

[ 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]

21

[ "This", "differential", "effect", "of", "E1A", "expression", "on", "the", "cytolytic", "phenotypes", "of", "infected", "and", "stably", "transfected", "human cells", "suggests", "that", "human NK cells", "NK cells", "provide", "an", "effective", "immunologic", "barrie...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 5, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

22

[ "Distinct", "signaling", "properties", "identify", "functionally", "different", "CD4 epitopes", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

23

[ "The", "CD4 coreceptor", "interacts", "with", "non-polymorphic regions", "of", "major histocompatibility complex class II molecules", "on", "antigen-presenting cells", "and", "contributes", "to", "T", "cell", "activation", "." ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

24

[ "We", "have", "investigated", "the", "effect", "of", "CD4", "triggering", "on", "T", "cell", "activating", "signals", "in", "a", "lymphoma", "model", "using", "monoclonal antibodies", "(", "mAb", ")", "which", "recognize", "different", "CD4 epitopes", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

25

[ "We", "demonstrate", "that", "CD4", "triggering", "delivers", "signals", "capable", "of", "activating", "the", "NF-AT transcription factor", "which", "is", "required", "for", "interleukin-2", "gene", "expression", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

26

[ "Whereas", "different", "anti-CD4 mAb", "or", "HIV-1 gp120", "could", "all", "trigger", "activation", "of", "the", "protein tyrosine kinases", "p56lck", "and", "p59fyn", "and", "phosphorylation", "of", "the", "Shc adaptor protein", ",", "which", "mediates", "signals", ...

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

27

[ "Lack", "of", "full", "activation", "of", "NF-AT", "could", "be", "correlated", "to", "a", "dramatically", "reduced", "capacity", "to", "induce", "calcium", "flux", "and", "could", "be", "complemented", "with", "a", "calcium", "ionophore", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

28

[ "The", "results", "identify", "functionally", "distinct", "epitopes", "on", "the", "CD4 coreceptor", "involved", "in", "activation", "of", "the", "Ras", "Ras /protein kinase C", "/protein kinase C", "and", "calcium", "pathways", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

29

[ "Ligand-dependent", "repression", "of", "the", "erythroid transcription factor", "GATA-1", "by", "the", "estrogen receptor", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

30

[ "High-dose", "estrogen", "administration", "induces", "anemia", "in", "mammals", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

31

[ "In", "chickens,", "estrogens", "stimulate", "outgrowth", "of", "bone marrow-derived erythroid progenitor cells", "and", "delay", "their", "maturation", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

32

[ "This", "delay", "is", "associated", "with", "down-regulation", "of", "many", "erythroid cell-specific genes", ",", "including", "alpha-", "and", "beta-", "globin", ",", "band 3", ",", "band 4.1", ",", "and", "the", "erythroid cell-specific histone", "H5", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0 ]

33

[ "We", "show", "here", "that", "estrogens", "also", "reduce", "the", "number", "of", "erythroid progenitor cells", "in", "primary human bone marrow cultures", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 1, 0 ]

34

[ "To", "address", "potential", "mechanisms", "by", "which", "estrogens", "suppress", "erythropoiesis", ",", "we", "have", "examined", "their", "effects", "on", "GATA-1", ",", "an", "erythroid transcription factor", "that", "participates", "in", "the", "regulation", "...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]

35

[ "We", "demonstrate", "that", "the", "transcriptional", "activity", "of", "GATA-1", "is", "strongly", "repressed", "by", "the", "estrogen receptor", "(", "ER", ")", "in", "a", "ligand-dependent", "manner", "and", "that", "this", "repression", "is", "reversible", ...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

36

[ "ER", "-mediated", "repression", "of", "GATA-1", "activity", "occurs", "on", "an", "artificial promoter", "containing", "a", "single", "GATA-binding site", ",", "as", "well", "as", "in", "the", "context", "of", "an", "intact promoter", "which", "is", "normally", ...

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

37

[ "GATA-1", "and", "ER", "bind", "to", "each", "other", "in", "vitro", "in", "the", "absence", "of", "DNA." ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

38

[ "In", "coimmunoprecipitation", "experiments", "using", "transfected", "COS cells", ",", "GATA-1", "and", "ER", "associate", "in", "a", "ligand-dependent", "manner", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

39

[ "Mapping", "experiments", "indicate", "that", "GATA-1", "and", "the", "ER", "form", "at", "least", "two", "contacts,", "which", "involve", "the", "finger", "region", "and", "the", "N-terminal activation domain", "of", "GATA-1", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

40

[ "We", "speculate", "that", "estrogens", "exert", "effects", "on", "erythropoiesis", "by", "modulating", "GATA-1", "activity", "through", "protein-protein", "interaction", "with", "the", "ER", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

41

[ "(ABSTRACT", "TRUNCATED", "AT", "250", "WORDS)" ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

42

[ "Mouse interleukin-2 receptor alpha gene", "interleukin-2", "receptor", "alpha", "gene", "expression", "." ]

[ 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

43

[ "Interleukin-1", "and", "interleukin-2", "control", "transcription", "via", "distinct", "cis-acting elements", "." ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]

44

[ "We", "have", "shown", "that", "interleukin-1", "(", "IL-1", ")", "and", "IL-2", "control", "IL-2 receptor alpha", "IL-2 receptor alpha ( IL-2R alpha ) gene", "IL-2R alpha", ")", "gene", "transcription", "in", "CD4-CD8- murine T lymphocyte precursors", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

45

[ "Here", "we", "map", "the", "cis-acting elements", "that", "mediate", "interleukin", "responsiveness", "of", "the", "mouse IL-2R alpha", "mouse IL-2R alpha gene", "using", "a", "thymic lymphoma-derived hybridoma", "(", "PC60", ")." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 4, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

46

[ "The", "transcriptional", "response", "of", "the", "IL-2R alpha gene", "IL-2", "R", "alpha", "gene", "to", "stimulation", "by", "IL-1", "+", "IL-2", "is", "biphasic." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

47

[ "IL-1", "induces", "a", "rapid,", "protein", "synthesis-independent", "appearance", "of", "IL-2R alpha", "IL-2R alpha mRNA", "that", "is", "blocked", "by", "inhibitors", "of", "NF-kappa B", "activation", "." ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

48

[ "It", "also", "primes", "cells", "to", "become", "IL-2", "responsive", "and", "thereby", "prepares", "the", "second", "phase,", "in", "which", "IL-2", "induces", "a", "100-fold", "further", "increase", "in", "IL-2R alpha transcripts", "IL-2R alpha", "transcripts", ...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 2, 0, 0 ]

49

[ "Transient", "transfection", "experiments", "show", "that", "several", "elements", "in", "the", "promoter-proximal region", "of", "the", "IL-2R alpha gene", "IL-2R alpha", "gene", "contribute", "to", "IL-1", "responsiveness,", "most", "importantly", "an", "NF-kappa B site...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

50

[ "IL-2", "responsiveness", ",", "on", "the", "other", "hand,", "depends", "on", "a", "78-nucleotide segment", "1.3", "kilobases", "upstream", "of", "the", "major transcription start site", "." ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]

51

[ "This", "segment", "functions", "as", "an", "IL-2-inducible enhancer", "and", "lies", "within", "a", "region", "that", "becomes", "DNase I", "hypersensitive", "in", "normal", "T cells", "in", "which", "IL-2R alpha", "expression", "has", "been", "induced." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

52

[ "IL-2", "responsiveness", "requires", "three", "distinct", "elements", "within", "the", "enhancer", "." ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]

53

[ "Two", "of", "these", "are", "potential", "binding", "sites", "for", "STAT proteins", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

54

[ "Hematopoietic lineage", "commitment", ":", "role", "of", "transcription factors", "." ]

[ 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

55

[ "This", "review", "focuses", "on", "the", "roles", "of", "transcription factors", "in", "hematopoietic", "lineage", "commitment", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

56

[ "A", "brief", "introduction", "to", "lineage", "commitment", "and", "asymmetric", "cell", "division", "is", "followed", "by", "a", "discussion", "of", "several", "methods", "used", "to", "identify", "transcription factors", "important", "in", "specifying", "hematopo...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]

57

[ "Next", "is", "presented", "a", "discussion", "of", "the", "use", "of", "embryonic stem cells", "in", "the", "analysis", "of", "hematopoietic gene", "expression", "and", "the", "use", "of", "targeted", "gene", "disruption", "to", "analyze", "the", "role", "of", ...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

58

[ "Finally,", "the", "status", "of", "our", "current", "knowledge", "concerning", "the", "roles", "of", "transcription factors", "in", "the", "commitment", "to", "erythroid", ",", "myeloid", "and", "lymphoid", "cell", "types", "is", "summarized." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

59

[ "Epstein-Barr", "virus", "replicative", "gene", "transcription", "during", "de", "novo", "infection", "of", "human thymocytes", ":", "simultaneous", "early", "expression", "of", "BZLF-1", "and", "its", "repressor", "RAZ", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

60

[ "Epstein-Barr", "virus", "(", "EBV", ")", "is", "known", "to", "infect", "B cells", "and", "epithelial cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0 ]

61

[ "We", "and", "others", "have", "shown", "that", "EBV", "can", "also", "infect", "a", "subset", "of", "thymocytes", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]

62

[ "Infection", "of", "thymocytes", "was", "accompanied", "by", "the", "appearance", "of", "linear EBV genome", "within", "8", "hr", "of", "infection." ]

[ 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

63

[ "Circularization", "of", "the", "EBV genome", "was", "not", "detected." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0 ]

64

[ "This", "is", "in", "contrast", "to", "the", "infection", "in", "B cells", "where", "the", "genome", "can", "circularize", "within", "24", "hr", "of", "infection." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

65

[ "The", "appearance", "of", "the", "BamHI ZLF-1 gene product", ",", "ZEBRA", ",", "by", "RT-PCR", ",", "was", "observed", "within", "8", "hr", "of", "infection." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

66

[ "The", "appearance", "of", "a", "novel", "fusion transcript", "(", "RAZ", "),", "which", "comprised", "regions", "of", "the", "BZLF-1", "BZLF-1 locus", "and", "the", "adjacent", "BRLF-1 locus", ",", "was", "detected", "by", "RT-PCR", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 4, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

67

[ "ZEBRA", "ZEBRA protein", "was", "also", "identified", "in", "infected", "thymocytes", "by", "immunoprecipitation", "." ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0 ]

68

[ "In", "addition,", "we", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "EBNA-1 gene", "EBNA-1", "gene", "in", "infected", "thymocytes", "was", "transcribed", "from", "the", "Fp promoter", ",", "rather", "than", "from", "the", "Cp/Wp promoter", "which", "is", "used", "in", "lat...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 5, 0 ]

69

[ "Transcripts", "encoding", "gp350/220", ",", "the", "major coat protein", "of", "EBV", ",", "were", "identified,", "but", "we", "did", "not", "find", "any", "evidence", "of", "transcription", "from", "the", "LMP-2A", "or", "EBER-1 loci", "in", "infected", "thymo...

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]

70

[ "These", "observations", "suggest", "that", "de", "novo", "EBV", "infection", "of", "thymocytes", "differs", "from", "infection", "of", "B cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]

71

[ "The", "main", "difference", "is", "that", "with", "thymocytes", ",", "no", "evidence", "could", "be", "found", "that", "the", "virus", "ever", "circularizes." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

72

[ "Rather,", "EBV", "remains", "in", "a", "linear", "configuration", "from", "which", "replicative genes", "are", "transcribed." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0 ]

73

[ "Identification", "and", "purification", "of", "human Stat proteins", "activated", "in", "response", "to", "interleukin-2", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

74

[ "A", "key", "cytokine", "induced", "during", "the", "immune", "response", "is", "IL-2", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

75

[ "Following", "T", "cell", "activation", ",", "the", "genes", "encoding", "IL-2", "and", "the", "various", "chains", "of", "its", "receptor", "are", "transcriptionally", "induced." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

76

[ "In", "turn,", "secreted", "IL-2", "serves", "to", "stimulate", "the", "proliferation", "and", "differentiation", "of", "T lymphocytes", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]

77

[ "Several", "recent", "studies", "have", "implicated", "Jak", "kinases", "in", "the", "signaling", "pathway", "induced", "by", "IL-2", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

78

[ "Following", "this", "lead,", "we", "set", "out", "to", "identify", "transcription factors", "induced", "in", "response", "to", "IL-2", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

79

[ "Human peripheral blood lymphocytes", "were", "observed", "to", "contain", "several", "IL-2", "-inducible", "DNA", "binding", "activities", "." ]

[ 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

80

[ "Similar", "activities", "were", "also", "observed", "in", "a", "transformed human lymphocyte line", ",", "termed", "YT", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

81

[ "We", "have", "purified", "these", "activities", "and", "found", "that", "the", "principal", "IL-2", "IL-2 -inducible component", "bears", "significant", "relatedness", "to", "a", "prolactin-induced transcription factor", "first", "identified", "in", "sheep mammary gland ti...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0 ]

82

[ "We", "hypothesize", "that", "activation", "of", "this", "protein,", "designated", "hStat5", ",", "helps", "govern", "the", "biological", "effects", "of", "IL-2", "during", "the", "immune", "response", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

83

[ "E2F-1", "and", "a", "cyclin-like DNA repair enzyme", ",", "uracil-DNA glycosylase", ",", "provide", "evidence", "for", "an", "autoregulatory", "mechanism", "for", "transcription", "." ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

84

[ "The", "cell cycle-dependent transcription factor", ",", "E2F-1", ",", "regulates", "the", "cyclin", "-like", "species", "of", "the", "DNA repair enzyme", "uracil-DNA glycosylase ( UDG ) gene", "uracil-DNA glycosylase", "(", "UDG", ")", "gene", "in", "human osteosarcoma ( Sao...

[ 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 4, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

85

[ "We", "demonstrate,", "through", "the", "deletion", "of", "the", "human UDG promoter sequences", "UDG", "UDG promoter", "sequences", ",", "that", "expression", "of", "E2F-1", "E2F", "-1", "activates", "the", "UDG", "promoter", "through", "several", "E2F sites", "." ...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 2, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0 ]

86

[ "The", "major putative downstream site", "for", "E2F", ",", "located", "in", "the", "first exon", ",", "serves", "as", "a", "target", "for", "E2F-1/DP1 complex", "binding", "in", "vitro." ]

[ 0, 4, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

87

[ "We", "also", "provide", "evidence", "for", "the", "functional", "relationship", "between", "the", "cyclin-like UDG gene product", "UDG", "gene", "product", "and", "E2F", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

88

[ "High", "levels", "of", "UDG", "expression", "in", "a", "transient", "transfection", "assay", "result", "in", "the", "down-regulation", "of", "transcriptional", "activity", "through", "elements", "specific", "for", "E2F", "-mediated", "transcription", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

89

[ "Overexpression", "of", "UDG", "in", "Saos 2 cells", "was", "observed", "to", "delay", "growth", "late", "in", "G1", "phase", "and", "transiently", "arrest", "these", "cells", "from", "progressing", "into", "the", "S", "phase", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

90

[ "This", "hypothetical", "model", "integrates", "one", "mechanism", "of", "DNA", "repair", "with", "the", "cell", "cycle", "control", "of", "gene", "transcription", ",", "likely", "through", "E2F", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

91

[ "This", "implicates", "E2F", "as", "a", "multifunctional", "target", "for", "proteins", "and", "enzymes,", "possibly,", "responsive", "to", "DNA", "damage", "through", "the", "negative", "effect", "of", "UDG", "on", "E2F", "-mediated", "transcriptional", "activity...

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

92

[ "Cellular", "and", "molecular", "mechanisms", "of", "IFN-gamma", "production", "induced", "by", "IL-2", "and", "IL-12", "in", "a", "human NK cell line", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

93

[ "Interferon-gamma", "(", "IFN-gamma", ")", "is", "an", "important", "immunoregulatory protein", "produced", "predominantly", "by", "T cells", "and", "large granular lymphocytes", "(", "LGL", ")", "in", "response", "to", "different", "extracellular", "signals", "." ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

94

[ "In", "particular,", "two", "interleukins", "(", "ILs", "),", "IL-2", "and", "IL-12", ",", "have", "been", "shown", "to", "be", "potent", "inducers", "of", "IFN-gamma", "gene", "expression", "in", "both", "T cells", "and", "LGL", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0 ]

95

[ "Although", "it", "has", "been", "reported", "that", "there", "are", "some", "T cell lines", "that", "produce", "IFN-gamma", "in", "response", "to", "IL-2", "and", "IL-12", "stimulation", ",", "there", "has", "as", "yet", "been", "no", "report", "of", "a", ...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

96

[ "In", "this", "report", "we", "present", "evidence", "that", "the", "cell line NK3.3", "derived", "from", "human NK cells", ",", "responds", "to", "both", "IL-2", "and", "IL-12", ",", "as", "measured", "by", "increases", "in", "IFN-gamma", "and", "granulocyte-ma...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

97

[ "In", "addition,", "when", "used", "together", "IL-2", "and", "IL-12", "synergized", "in", "the", "induction", "of", "IFN-gamma", "and", "GM-CSF", "and", "this", "synergy", "was", "attributed", "to", "an", "increased", "accumulation", "and", "stability", "of", ...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 2, 0, 3, 2, 0, 0 ]

98

[ "To", "investigate", "the", "signaling", "pathways", "involved", "in", "the", "gene", "induction,", "five", "inhibitors,", "cyclosporin", "A", "(", "CsA", "),", "transforming growth factor-beta", ",", "cycloheximide", ",", "genistein", ",", "and", "staurosporine", "...

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0 ]

99

[ "The", "results", "suggest", "that", "activation", "of", "protein kinase C", ",", "but", "not", "new", "protein", "synthesis", ",", "is", "required", "for", "IL-2", "induction", "of", "IFN-gamma", "and", "GM-CSF", "cytoplasmic", "mRNA", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]