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Cannot load the dataset split (in streaming mode) to extract the first rows.
Error code: StreamingRowsError
Exception: CastError
Message: Couldn't cast
generated: string
windowDays: int64
total: int64
bySeverity: struct<high: int64, medium: int64>
child 0, high: int64
child 1, medium: int64
byCategory: struct<advertised_price_mismatch: int64, testnet_as_production: int64, price_above_norm: int64, rece (... 160 chars omitted)
child 0, advertised_price_mismatch: int64
child 1, testnet_as_production: int64
child 2, price_above_norm: int64
child 3, receiver_changed: int64
child 4, asset_mismatch: int64
child 5, scheme_outside_spec: int64
child 6, documentation_placeholder: int64
child 7, unverified_receiver: int64
child 8, challenge_mismatch: int64
incidents: list<item: struct<id: string, category: string, severity: string, at: string, endpoint: string, doma (... 230 chars omitted)
child 0, item: struct<id: string, category: string, severity: string, at: string, endpoint: string, domain: string, (... 218 chars omitted)
child 0, id: string
child 1, category: string
child 2, severity: string
child 3, at: string
child 4, endpoint: string
child 5, domain: string
child 6, network: string
child 7, title: string
child 8, detail: string
child 9, evidence: struct<payTo: string, flags: list<item: string>, onchain: struct<address: string, url: string>, pric (... 34 chars omitted)
child 0, payTo: string
child 1, flags: list<item: string>
child 0, item: string
child 2, onchain: struct<address: string, url: string>
...
child 3, payto_unverified_onchain: int64
child 4, price_bait_switch: int64
child 5, network_testnet: int64
child 6, price_high: int64
child 7, payto_malformed: int64
child 8, asset_malformed: int64
child 9, nonstandard_scheme: int64
child 10, price_absurd: int64
child 11, asset_not_usdc: int64
child 12, amount_is_cap: int64
child 13, no_exact_offer: int64
child 14, payto_changed: int64
child 15, challenge_mismatch: int64
child 16, unverifiable: int64
child 17, payto_missing: int64
child 18, asset_unverifiable: int64
child 2, flaggedSample: list<item: struct<url: string, riskLevel: string, flags: list<item: string>, payTo: string>>
child 0, item: struct<url: string, riskLevel: string, flags: list<item: string>, payTo: string>
child 0, url: string
child 1, riskLevel: string
child 2, flags: list<item: string>
child 0, item: string
child 3, payTo: string
receiverStability: struct<stable: int64, occasional: int64, volatile: int64, rotating: int64, new: int64, unknown: int6 (... 2 chars omitted)
child 0, stable: int64
child 1, occasional: int64
child 2, volatile: int64
child 3, rotating: int64
child 4, new: int64
child 5, unknown: int64
topProviders: list<item: struct<domain: string, endpoints: int64>>
child 0, item: struct<domain: string, endpoints: int64>
child 0, domain: string
child 1, endpoints: int64
to
{'generated': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'source': Value('string'), 'ecosystem': {'totalTracked': Value('int64'), 'healthyEndpoints': Value('int64'), 'healthyServices': Value('int64'), 'payableEndpoints': Value('int64'), 'payableServices': Value('int64'), 'notPayable': {'templateUrl': Value('int64'), 'testnet': Value('int64'), 'schemeOutsideSpec': Value('int64')}, 'templateEndpoints': Value('int64'), 'topTwoDomainShare': Value('int64'), 'probedEndpoints': Value('int64'), 'unprobedCandidates': Value('int64'), 'deadOrInvalid': Value('int64'), 'deadPct': Value('int64'), 'deadPctBasis': Value('string'), 'demand': {'endpointsWithTelemetry': Value('int64'), 'withPaidCalls30d': Value('int64'), 'withMoreThanOnePayer': Value('int64'), 'totalPaidCalls30d': Value('int64'), 'note': Value('string')}, 'lastCrawl': Value('string')}, 'catalogAudit': {'source': Value('string'), 'claimedHealthy': Value('int64'), 'weConfirmed': Value('int64'), 'overclaimed': Value('int64'), 'accuracyPct': Value('int64'), 'note': Value('string')}, 'security': {'riskByLevel': {'high': Value('int64'), 'medium': Value('int64'), 'low': Value('int64'), 'clean': Value('int64')}, 'flagCounts': {'template_url': Value('int64'), 'price_rising': Value('int64'), 'payto_rotating': Value('int64'), 'payto_unverified_onchain': Value('int64'), 'price_bait_switch': Value('int64'), 'network_testnet': Value('int64'), 'price_high': Value('int64'), 'payto_malformed': Value('int64'), 'asset_malformed': Value('int64'), 'nonstandard_scheme': Value('int64'), 'price_absurd': Value('int64'), 'asset_not_usdc': Value('int64'), 'amount_is_cap': Value('int64'), 'no_exact_offer': Value('int64'), 'payto_changed': Value('int64'), 'challenge_mismatch': Value('int64'), 'unverifiable': Value('int64'), 'payto_missing': Value('int64'), 'asset_unverifiable': Value('int64')}, 'flaggedSample': List({'url': Value('string'), 'riskLevel': Value('string'), 'flags': List(Value('string')), 'payTo': Value('string')})}, 'receiverStability': {'stable': Value('int64'), 'occasional': Value('int64'), 'volatile': Value('int64'), 'rotating': Value('int64'), 'new': Value('int64'), 'unknown': Value('int64')}, 'receiverOnchain': {'established': Value('int64'), 'active': Value('int64'), 'fresh': Value('int64'), 'dormant': Value('int64'), 'unknown': Value('int64'), 'pending': Value('int64'), 'non-base': Value('int64')}, 'analytics': {'healthyByNetwork': {'eip155:8453': Value('int64'), 'base': Value('int64'), 'eip155:84532': Value('int64'), 'solana:5eykt4UsFv8P8NJdTREpY1vzqKqZKvdp': Value('int64'), 'bip122:000000000019d6689c085ae165831e93': Value('int64'), 'eip155:137': Value('int64'), 'base-sepolia': Value('int64'), 'eip155:56': Value('int64'), 'solana': Value('int64'), 'eip155:196': Value('int64')}, 'healthyByPriceBand': {'free/≤$0.001': Value('int64'), '$0.001–0.01': Value('int64'), '$0.01–0.1': Value('int64'), '$0.1–1': Value('int64'), '$1+': Value('int64')}}, 'topProviders': List({'domain': Value('string'), 'endpoints': Value('int64')})}
because column names don't match
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 149, in get_rows_or_raise
return get_rows(
dataset=dataset,
...<4 lines>...
column_names=column_names,
)
File "/src/libs/libcommon/src/libcommon/utils.py", line 272, in decorator
return func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 129, in get_rows
rows_plus_one = list(itertools.islice(safe_iter(ds, dataset=dataset), rows_max_number + 1))
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 489, in safe_iter
yield from ds.decode(False) if ds.features else ds
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2818, in __iter__
for key, example in ex_iterable:
^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2355, in __iter__
for key, pa_table in self._iter_arrow():
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2380, in _iter_arrow
for key, pa_table in self.ex_iterable._iter_arrow():
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 536, in _iter_arrow
for key, pa_table in iterator:
^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 419, in _iter_arrow
for key, pa_table in self.generate_tables_fn(**gen_kwags):
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 343, in _generate_tables
self._cast_table(pa_table, json_field_paths=json_field_paths),
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 132, in _cast_table
pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self.info.features.arrow_schema)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2369, in table_cast
return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2297, in cast_table_to_schema
raise CastError(
...<3 lines>...
)
datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
generated: string
windowDays: int64
total: int64
bySeverity: struct<high: int64, medium: int64>
child 0, high: int64
child 1, medium: int64
byCategory: struct<advertised_price_mismatch: int64, testnet_as_production: int64, price_above_norm: int64, rece (... 160 chars omitted)
child 0, advertised_price_mismatch: int64
child 1, testnet_as_production: int64
child 2, price_above_norm: int64
child 3, receiver_changed: int64
child 4, asset_mismatch: int64
child 5, scheme_outside_spec: int64
child 6, documentation_placeholder: int64
child 7, unverified_receiver: int64
child 8, challenge_mismatch: int64
incidents: list<item: struct<id: string, category: string, severity: string, at: string, endpoint: string, doma (... 230 chars omitted)
child 0, item: struct<id: string, category: string, severity: string, at: string, endpoint: string, domain: string, (... 218 chars omitted)
child 0, id: string
child 1, category: string
child 2, severity: string
child 3, at: string
child 4, endpoint: string
child 5, domain: string
child 6, network: string
child 7, title: string
child 8, detail: string
child 9, evidence: struct<payTo: string, flags: list<item: string>, onchain: struct<address: string, url: string>, pric (... 34 chars omitted)
child 0, payTo: string
child 1, flags: list<item: string>
child 0, item: string
child 2, onchain: struct<address: string, url: string>
...
child 3, payto_unverified_onchain: int64
child 4, price_bait_switch: int64
child 5, network_testnet: int64
child 6, price_high: int64
child 7, payto_malformed: int64
child 8, asset_malformed: int64
child 9, nonstandard_scheme: int64
child 10, price_absurd: int64
child 11, asset_not_usdc: int64
child 12, amount_is_cap: int64
child 13, no_exact_offer: int64
child 14, payto_changed: int64
child 15, challenge_mismatch: int64
child 16, unverifiable: int64
child 17, payto_missing: int64
child 18, asset_unverifiable: int64
child 2, flaggedSample: list<item: struct<url: string, riskLevel: string, flags: list<item: string>, payTo: string>>
child 0, item: struct<url: string, riskLevel: string, flags: list<item: string>, payTo: string>
child 0, url: string
child 1, riskLevel: string
child 2, flags: list<item: string>
child 0, item: string
child 3, payTo: string
receiverStability: struct<stable: int64, occasional: int64, volatile: int64, rotating: int64, new: int64, unknown: int6 (... 2 chars omitted)
child 0, stable: int64
child 1, occasional: int64
child 2, volatile: int64
child 3, rotating: int64
child 4, new: int64
child 5, unknown: int64
topProviders: list<item: struct<domain: string, endpoints: int64>>
child 0, item: struct<domain: string, endpoints: int64>
child 0, domain: string
child 1, endpoints: int64
to
{'generated': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'source': Value('string'), 'ecosystem': {'totalTracked': Value('int64'), 'healthyEndpoints': Value('int64'), 'healthyServices': Value('int64'), 'payableEndpoints': Value('int64'), 'payableServices': Value('int64'), 'notPayable': {'templateUrl': Value('int64'), 'testnet': Value('int64'), 'schemeOutsideSpec': Value('int64')}, 'templateEndpoints': Value('int64'), 'topTwoDomainShare': Value('int64'), 'probedEndpoints': Value('int64'), 'unprobedCandidates': Value('int64'), 'deadOrInvalid': Value('int64'), 'deadPct': Value('int64'), 'deadPctBasis': Value('string'), 'demand': {'endpointsWithTelemetry': Value('int64'), 'withPaidCalls30d': Value('int64'), 'withMoreThanOnePayer': Value('int64'), 'totalPaidCalls30d': Value('int64'), 'note': Value('string')}, 'lastCrawl': Value('string')}, 'catalogAudit': {'source': Value('string'), 'claimedHealthy': Value('int64'), 'weConfirmed': Value('int64'), 'overclaimed': Value('int64'), 'accuracyPct': Value('int64'), 'note': Value('string')}, 'security': {'riskByLevel': {'high': Value('int64'), 'medium': Value('int64'), 'low': Value('int64'), 'clean': Value('int64')}, 'flagCounts': {'template_url': Value('int64'), 'price_rising': Value('int64'), 'payto_rotating': Value('int64'), 'payto_unverified_onchain': Value('int64'), 'price_bait_switch': Value('int64'), 'network_testnet': Value('int64'), 'price_high': Value('int64'), 'payto_malformed': Value('int64'), 'asset_malformed': Value('int64'), 'nonstandard_scheme': Value('int64'), 'price_absurd': Value('int64'), 'asset_not_usdc': Value('int64'), 'amount_is_cap': Value('int64'), 'no_exact_offer': Value('int64'), 'payto_changed': Value('int64'), 'challenge_mismatch': Value('int64'), 'unverifiable': Value('int64'), 'payto_missing': Value('int64'), 'asset_unverifiable': Value('int64')}, 'flaggedSample': List({'url': Value('string'), 'riskLevel': Value('string'), 'flags': List(Value('string')), 'payTo': Value('string')})}, 'receiverStability': {'stable': Value('int64'), 'occasional': Value('int64'), 'volatile': Value('int64'), 'rotating': Value('int64'), 'new': Value('int64'), 'unknown': Value('int64')}, 'receiverOnchain': {'established': Value('int64'), 'active': Value('int64'), 'fresh': Value('int64'), 'dormant': Value('int64'), 'unknown': Value('int64'), 'pending': Value('int64'), 'non-base': Value('int64')}, 'analytics': {'healthyByNetwork': {'eip155:8453': Value('int64'), 'base': Value('int64'), 'eip155:84532': Value('int64'), 'solana:5eykt4UsFv8P8NJdTREpY1vzqKqZKvdp': Value('int64'), 'bip122:000000000019d6689c085ae165831e93': Value('int64'), 'eip155:137': Value('int64'), 'base-sepolia': Value('int64'), 'eip155:56': Value('int64'), 'solana': Value('int64'), 'eip155:196': Value('int64')}, 'healthyByPriceBand': {'free/≤$0.001': Value('int64'), '$0.001–0.01': Value('int64'), '$0.01–0.1': Value('int64'), '$0.1–1': Value('int64'), '$1+': Value('int64')}}, 'topProviders': List({'domain': Value('string'), 'endpoints': Value('int64')})}
because column names don't matchNeed help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
PulseFeed — x402 Agent-Payment Security & Trust (open data)
Independent, daily-updated trust & safety data for the x402 agent-payment economy (HTTP 402 + stablecoins on Base) and the MCP server ecosystem — by PulseFeed.
AI agents increasingly pay for APIs autonomously over x402 and connect to MCP servers that can run code on install. But 38% of listed x402 endpoints are dead or invalid, and "live" is not the same claim as "payable": of 4122 endpoints that return a valid 402, only 3348 across 454 operators are things an agent can actually buy — the rest are documentation placeholders, testnet sandboxes priced in dollars, or payment schemes outside the x402 spec. Both figures are in ecosystem.json as healthyEndpoints and payableEndpoints; compare the payable one. This dataset is the free, public slice of PulseFeed's continuous audit. Last updated: 2026-08-02T04:00:03+00:00.
Methodology correction — 2026-07-30. Snapshots dated before 2026-07-30 understate liveness. Our prober read x402 payment requirements only from the HTTP response body; x402 v2 moved them into the
PAYMENT-REQUIREDheader. 1,869 endpoints across 166 operators were live and recorded as dead, and 3,920 fabricatedmalformedobservations were removed from their history — records repaired this way carryhistoryRepairedAt. The dead share moved from 74–76% to 38%: a change in the measuring instrument, not in the market. Series before and after this date are not directly comparable, and each snapshot now carriesprobeVersion. The scam/anomaly findings are unaffected. Full write-up, including four further errors of the same kind and a checklist for deciding whether an endpoint is genuinely payable: https://pulsefeed.dev/correction
The audit, incident feed and reports are free and open. Live pages: /incidents · /status · /reports. Machine feeds: /incidents.json · /incidents.rss. Full per-service cross-domain data feed (paid, x402): /data.
Files
| File | What |
|---|---|
incidents.csv / incidents.json |
Active security incidents in the x402 economy — receiver hijacks, bait-and-switch pricing, honeypots, unverified receivers, price gouging — each with an on-chain proof URL. |
ecosystem.json |
Ecosystem aggregates: totals & dead %, catalog-accuracy audit, risk distribution, receiver-stability & on-chain receiver-profile distributions, top providers. |
mcp_security.json |
MCP server security summary: how many audited servers run an install script, are abandoned, ship no repo, etc. |
incidents schema
| Field | Meaning |
|---|---|
category |
payto_hijack | bait_and_switch | honeypot | unverified_receiver | price_gouging | asset_mismatch | went_dark |
severity |
high | medium |
at |
ISO timestamp of the observation |
domain / endpoint |
the x402 service |
network |
payment network (e.g. base) |
detail |
plain-language description of the finding |
payTo |
the receiver address |
onchain_proof_url |
Base block-explorer link to verify the receiver yourself |
flags |
raw detector flags (` |
Honesty note
Findings are stated as facts from the data, not accusations of intent. "bait-and-switch" = advertised price != amount actually charged; "unverified receiver" = payTo has no on-chain USDC history (a risk signal, not a conviction); "possible hijack" = receiver changed on an established baseline (could be a legitimate key rotation). By-design receiver rotation is excluded.
Why it's unique
The signals here (receiver-stability over time, payTo/price change history, on-chain receiver profiles) are longitudinal — derived from continuously re-probing endpoints and recording changes as they happen. This history cannot be reconstructed after the fact.
License & attribution
CC-BY-4.0. Attribution: "x402/MCP trust data by PulseFeed (pulsefeed.dev)". The full per-service cross-domain feed is a separate paid product at pulsefeed.dev/data.
Writeup: I audited the entire x402 agent-payment economy — 76% is dead, and the live half has scams. The "76% dead" headline in that article is superseded — see the methodology correction above. The scam taxonomy stands.
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