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id
string
category
string
instruction
string
dialect
string
available_functions
list
expected_calls
list
difficulty
string
error_response
dict
simple_001
simple_function_calling
ابحث عن رحلات من الرياض إلى جدة يوم الخميس
msa
[ "search_flights", "book_hotel", "get_weather" ]
[ { "function": "search_flights", "arguments": { "from_city": "الرياض", "to_city": "جدة", "date": "الخميس" } } ]
easy
null
simple_002
simple_function_calling
كم درجة الحرارة في دبي اليوم؟
msa
[ "get_weather", "get_time", "get_news" ]
[ { "function": "get_weather", "arguments": { "city": "دبي" } } ]
easy
null
simple_003
simple_function_calling
احجز فندق في مكة من يوم ١٥ رمضان إلى ٢٠ رمضان لشخصين
msa
[ "book_hotel", "search_flights", "search_restaurants" ]
[ { "function": "book_hotel", "arguments": { "city": "مكة", "check_in": "١٥ رمضان", "check_out": "٢٠ رمضان", "guests": 2 } } ]
easy
null
simple_004
simple_function_calling
أريد أعرف مواقيت الصلاة في المدينة المنورة
msa
[ "get_prayer_times", "get_time", "get_weather" ]
[ { "function": "get_prayer_times", "arguments": { "city": "المدينة المنورة" } } ]
easy
null
simple_005
simple_function_calling
حوّل لي ألف دولار إلى ريال سعودي
msa
[ "convert_currency", "send_money", "get_stock_price" ]
[ { "function": "convert_currency", "arguments": { "amount": 1000, "from_currency": "USD", "to_currency": "SAR" } } ]
easy
null
simple_006
simple_function_calling
ابحث لي عن آية فيها كلمة الصبر
msa
[ "find_quran_verse", "translate_text", "get_news" ]
[ { "function": "find_quran_verse", "arguments": { "query": "الصبر" } } ]
easy
null
simple_007
simple_function_calling
كم سعر سهم أرامكو في تداول؟
msa
[ "get_stock_price", "convert_currency", "get_news" ]
[ { "function": "get_stock_price", "arguments": { "symbol": "2222", "market": "tadawul" } } ]
medium
null
simple_008
simple_function_calling
ذكّرني أدفع فاتورة الكهرباء بكرة الساعة عشر الصبح
msa
[ "set_reminder", "schedule_meeting", "send_message" ]
[ { "function": "set_reminder", "arguments": { "message": "دفع فاتورة الكهرباء", "datetime": "غداً الساعة 10 صباحاً" } } ]
medium
null
simple_009
simple_function_calling
احسب لي زكاة مبلغ خمسين ألف ريال نقداً
msa
[ "calculate_zakat", "convert_currency", "send_money" ]
[ { "function": "calculate_zakat", "arguments": { "amount": 50000, "currency": "SAR", "type": "cash" } } ]
easy
null
simple_010
simple_function_calling
ابحث عن وظائف مهندس برمجيات في الرياض دوام كامل
msa
[ "search_jobs", "schedule_meeting", "send_message" ]
[ { "function": "search_jobs", "arguments": { "title": "مهندس برمجيات", "city": "الرياض", "type": "full-time" } } ]
easy
null
param_001
parameter_extraction
أرسل رسالة لأحمد على الواتساب تقول له مبروك الترقية
msa
[ "send_message", "schedule_meeting" ]
[ { "function": "send_message", "arguments": { "recipient": "أحمد", "platform": "whatsapp", "message": "مبروك الترقية" } } ]
easy
null
param_002
parameter_extraction
اطلب لي شاورما ودجاج مشوي من مطعم البيك توصيل لحي العليا
msa
[ "order_food", "search_restaurants", "book_table" ]
[ { "function": "order_food", "arguments": { "restaurant": "البيك", "items": "شاورما ودجاج مشوي", "address": "حي العليا" } } ]
medium
null
param_003
parameter_extraction
رتّب لي اجتماع مع فريق التسويق يوم الأحد الساعة ٢ الظهر عنوانه مراجعة الحملة الإعلانية
msa
[ "schedule_meeting", "set_reminder", "send_message" ]
[ { "function": "schedule_meeting", "arguments": { "title": "مراجعة الحملة الإعلانية", "date": "الأحد", "time": "٢ الظهر", "participants": "فريق التسويق" } } ]
medium
null
param_004
parameter_extraction
حوّل ثلاثمئة يورو لليرة التركية
msa
[ "convert_currency", "send_money" ]
[ { "function": "convert_currency", "arguments": { "amount": 300, "from_currency": "EUR", "to_currency": "TRY" } } ]
medium
null
param_005
parameter_extraction
احجز طاولة لأربعة أشخاص في مطعم نصرت يوم الجمعة الساعة ٨ المساء
msa
[ "book_table", "search_restaurants", "order_food" ]
[ { "function": "book_table", "arguments": { "restaurant": "نصرت", "date": "الجمعة", "time": "٨ المساء", "guests": 4 } } ]
easy
null
param_006
parameter_extraction
حوّل لأخوي محمد مبلغ خمسمئة ريال
msa
[ "send_money", "convert_currency", "send_message" ]
[ { "function": "send_money", "arguments": { "recipient": "محمد", "amount": 500, "currency": "SAR" } } ]
easy
null
param_007
parameter_extraction
ترجم لي الجملة التالية من العربي للإنجليزي: السلام عليكم كيف حالكم
msa
[ "translate_text", "send_message" ]
[ { "function": "translate_text", "arguments": { "text": "السلام عليكم كيف حالكم", "from_lang": "ar", "to_lang": "en" } } ]
easy
null
param_008
parameter_extraction
احجز لي سيارة من المطار إلى فندق هيلتون
msa
[ "book_car", "get_traffic", "book_hotel" ]
[ { "function": "book_car", "arguments": { "pickup": "المطار", "destination": "فندق هيلتون", "type": "ride" } } ]
easy
null
multi_001
multi_step
احجز لي طاولة في أفضل مطعم في الرياض ثم أرسل الموقع لزوجتي سارة على الواتساب
msa
[ "search_restaurants", "book_table", "send_message" ]
[ { "function": "search_restaurants", "arguments": { "city": "الرياض" } }, { "function": "book_table", "arguments": { "restaurant": "*", "guests": 2 } }, { "function": "send_message", "arguments": { "recipient": "سارة", "platform": "whatsapp" }...
hard
null
multi_002
multi_step
شوف لي الطقس في إسطنبول وإذا حلو احجز لي رحلة من جدة
msa
[ "get_weather", "search_flights", "book_hotel" ]
[ { "function": "get_weather", "arguments": { "city": "إسطنبول" } }, { "function": "search_flights", "arguments": { "from_city": "جدة", "to_city": "إسطنبول" } } ]
hard
null
multi_003
multi_step
احسب زكاة مالي اللي هو عشرين ألف دولار وحوّلها لريال سعودي
msa
[ "calculate_zakat", "convert_currency" ]
[ { "function": "calculate_zakat", "arguments": { "amount": 20000, "currency": "USD" } }, { "function": "convert_currency", "arguments": { "from_currency": "USD", "to_currency": "SAR" } } ]
medium
null
multi_004
multi_step
ابحث عن مطعم سمك في جدة ثم اطلب لي سمك مشوي وروبيان توصيل للبيت
msa
[ "search_restaurants", "order_food", "get_traffic" ]
[ { "function": "search_restaurants", "arguments": { "city": "جدة", "cuisine": "سمك" } }, { "function": "order_food", "arguments": { "items": "سمك مشوي وروبيان" } } ]
medium
null
multi_005
multi_step
شوف حالة المرور من البيت للمكتب وإذا زحمة رتّب لي اجتماع أونلاين بدل الحضوري
msa
[ "get_traffic", "schedule_meeting", "send_message" ]
[ { "function": "get_traffic", "arguments": { "from_location": "البيت", "to_location": "المكتب" } }, { "function": "schedule_meeting", "arguments": { "title": "اجتماع أونلاين" } } ]
hard
null
multi_006
multi_step
ابحث لي عن رحلات من الدمام لدبي يوم السبت واحجز فندق هناك ليلتين
msa
[ "search_flights", "book_hotel", "get_weather" ]
[ { "function": "search_flights", "arguments": { "from_city": "الدمام", "to_city": "دبي", "date": "السبت" } }, { "function": "book_hotel", "arguments": { "city": "دبي" } } ]
medium
null
select_003
tool_selection
ابحث لي عن آية تتكلم عن الرحمة في سورة الفاتحة
msa
[ "find_quran_verse", "translate_text", "get_news", "search_jobs", "get_weather", "book_hotel", "send_message", "calculate_zakat", "get_stock_price", "order_food" ]
[ { "function": "find_quran_verse", "arguments": { "query": "الرحمة", "surah": 1 } } ]
medium
null
error_001
error_recovery
أرسل رسالة لخالد على التلغرام
msa
[ "send_message" ]
[ { "function": "send_message", "arguments": { "recipient": "خالد", "platform": "telegram", "message": "" } } ]
easy
{ "error": "محتوى الرسالة مطلوب", "code": "MISSING_FIELD" }
error_002
error_recovery
احجز لي رحلة من القمر إلى المريخ
msa
[ "search_flights", "book_hotel" ]
[ { "function": "search_flights", "arguments": { "from_city": "القمر", "to_city": "المريخ" } } ]
easy
{ "error": "المدينة غير موجودة", "code": "INVALID_CITY" }
error_003
error_recovery
حوّل عشر ملايين دولار لزوجتي أمل
msa
[ "send_money", "convert_currency" ]
[ { "function": "send_money", "arguments": { "recipient": "أمل", "amount": 10000000, "currency": "USD" } } ]
medium
{ "error": "المبلغ يتجاوز الحد المسموح", "code": "AMOUNT_EXCEEDED" }
error_004
error_recovery
شوف سعر سهم شركة أبجد في تداول
msa
[ "get_stock_price", "get_news" ]
[ { "function": "get_stock_price", "arguments": { "symbol": "أبجد", "market": "tadawul" } } ]
easy
{ "error": "الرمز غير موجود في السوق", "code": "SYMBOL_NOT_FOUND" }
error_005
error_recovery
شوف حالة تأشيرتي رقم الطلب XYZ
msa
[ "check_visa_status" ]
[ { "function": "check_visa_status", "arguments": { "application_id": "XYZ" } } ]
easy
{ "error": "رقم جواز السفر مطلوب", "code": "MISSING_FIELD" }
error_006
error_recovery
اطلب بيتزا من مطعم بيتزا الملك توصيل لحي السلام
msa
[ "order_food" ]
[ { "function": "order_food", "arguments": { "restaurant": "بيتزا الملك", "items": "بيتزا", "address": "حي السلام" } } ]
easy
{ "error": "المطعم مغلق حالياً", "code": "RESTAURANT_CLOSED" }
param_009
parameter_extraction
أرسل لخالتي فاطمة إيميل تقول فيه كل عام وأنتم بخير
msa
[ "send_message", "set_reminder" ]
[ { "function": "send_message", "arguments": { "recipient": "فاطمة", "platform": "email", "message": "كل عام وأنتم بخير" } } ]
easy
null

Arabic Agent Eval — Dataset Card

An open, installable Arabic function-calling benchmark with dialect splits.

Dataset summary

51 evaluation items spanning 6 categories and 5 dialects of Arabic, testing whether large language models can (a) select the right tool, (b) extract arguments from natural Arabic instructions, (c) preserve Arabic text in tool arguments instead of transliterating, and (d) understand dialectal framing.

Supported tasks

  • Function-calling evaluation — items pair Arabic instructions with expected structured tool calls.
  • Tool-use argument extraction — items declare expected_calls[i].arguments that the model's output is compared against via canonical structured-call grading.
  • Dialect-robustness evaluation — dialect-labeled items enable cross-dialect variance analysis for any agent.

Languages

Arabic only. Five dialect registers: Modern Standard Arabic (msa), Gulf (gulf), Egyptian (egyptian), Levantine (levantine), Maghrebi (maghrebi).

Dataset structure

Each row is a single evaluation item. See docs/schema.md for full schema. Example:

{
  "id": "dialect_001",
  "category": "dialect_handling",
  "instruction": "ابي أحجز فندق في دبي بكرة",
  "dialect": "gulf",
  "available_functions": ["book_hotel", "search_flights", "get_weather"],
  "expected_calls": [
    {"function": "book_hotel", "arguments": {"city": "دبي", "check_in": "غداً"}}
  ],
  "difficulty": "easy"
}

Splits

Split Items Purpose
msa 32 Modern Standard Arabic baseline
gulf 10 Gulf dialect (Saudi, UAE, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman)
egyptian 3 Egyptian dialect
levantine 4 Levantine dialect (Jordan, Palestine, Syria, Lebanon)
maghrebi 2 Maghrebi dialect (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia)
all 51 concatenation of the five dialect splits

Non-MSA dialects are undersampled in v0.1.0 (see docs/baselines.md). Use per-dialect averages as directional signal, not as final rankings.

Categories

Category Arabic Items Weight
Simple Function Calling استدعاء بسيط 10 0.20
Parameter Extraction استخراج المعاملات 9 0.20
Multi-Step Reasoning تفكير متعدد الخطوات 7 0.20
Dialect Handling معالجة اللهجات 12 0.15
Tool Selection اختيار الأداة 7 0.15
Error Recovery معالجة الأخطاء 6 0.10

Tool registry

22 Arabic-context tool definitions ship alongside the items, covering Islamic services (prayer times, zakat, Quran search), GCC financial services (Tadawul stocks, multi-currency conversion, money transfer), regional consumer actions (ride-hailing, food delivery, hotel booking), and communication (WhatsApp, SMS, email). See data/functions.json.

Source data

Items are hand-written native Arabic instructions drawn from real regional use cases (Saudi, UAE, Egyptian, Levantine, Moroccan). Authored by the repository maintainer (a native Arabic speaker and digital-marketing practitioner). No data scraped or model-generated.

Personal and sensitive information

None. Items use fictitious names (e.g. أحمد, سارة, محمد) and generic city references.

Licensing

Data: CC-BY-4.0 (data/, dataset_card.md, docs/) Code: Apache-2.0 (arabic_agent_eval/, tests/, scripts/)

See LICENSES.md.

Citation

@software{arabic_agent_eval_2026,
  title = {Arabic Agent Eval: An open, dialect-split Arabic function-calling benchmark},
  author = {Abumazin, Mousa},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://github.com/Moshe-ship/arabic-agent-eval}
}

Limitations and biases

  • Dialect coverage is uneven in v0.1.0 (32 MSA / 10 Gulf / 4 Levantine / 3 Egyptian / 2 Maghrebi). Per-dialect statistics from the rare splits are directional only.
  • GCC bias in the tool registry — Gulf-region contexts dominate (Saudi addresses, Tadawul, AED/SAR currency defaults).
  • No intra-dialect paraphrase variance in v0.1.0. Scheduled for expansion.
  • English tool names with Arabic descriptions — models trained primarily on English function-calling may have a spurious advantage on function selection. See docs/grading.md.
  • No automatic audio, RTL-UI, or code-switching tests. Text-only evaluation.
  • Grading normalizes Arabic variants conservatively (alef, ya, ta-marbuta, tatweel) but does not apply deep lemmatization. Edge cases may score lower than a human would award.
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