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id string | category string | instruction string | dialect string | available_functions list | expected_calls list | difficulty string | error_response dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
simple_001 | simple_function_calling | ابحث عن رحلات من الرياض إلى جدة يوم الخميس | msa | [
"search_flights",
"book_hotel",
"get_weather"
] | [
{
"function": "search_flights",
"arguments": {
"from_city": "الرياض",
"to_city": "جدة",
"date": "الخميس"
}
}
] | easy | null |
simple_002 | simple_function_calling | كم درجة الحرارة في دبي اليوم؟ | msa | [
"get_weather",
"get_time",
"get_news"
] | [
{
"function": "get_weather",
"arguments": {
"city": "دبي"
}
}
] | easy | null |
simple_003 | simple_function_calling | احجز فندق في مكة من يوم ١٥ رمضان إلى ٢٠ رمضان لشخصين | msa | [
"book_hotel",
"search_flights",
"search_restaurants"
] | [
{
"function": "book_hotel",
"arguments": {
"city": "مكة",
"check_in": "١٥ رمضان",
"check_out": "٢٠ رمضان",
"guests": 2
}
}
] | easy | null |
simple_004 | simple_function_calling | أريد أعرف مواقيت الصلاة في المدينة المنورة | msa | [
"get_prayer_times",
"get_time",
"get_weather"
] | [
{
"function": "get_prayer_times",
"arguments": {
"city": "المدينة المنورة"
}
}
] | easy | null |
simple_005 | simple_function_calling | حوّل لي ألف دولار إلى ريال سعودي | msa | [
"convert_currency",
"send_money",
"get_stock_price"
] | [
{
"function": "convert_currency",
"arguments": {
"amount": 1000,
"from_currency": "USD",
"to_currency": "SAR"
}
}
] | easy | null |
simple_006 | simple_function_calling | ابحث لي عن آية فيها كلمة الصبر | msa | [
"find_quran_verse",
"translate_text",
"get_news"
] | [
{
"function": "find_quran_verse",
"arguments": {
"query": "الصبر"
}
}
] | easy | null |
simple_007 | simple_function_calling | كم سعر سهم أرامكو في تداول؟ | msa | [
"get_stock_price",
"convert_currency",
"get_news"
] | [
{
"function": "get_stock_price",
"arguments": {
"symbol": "2222",
"market": "tadawul"
}
}
] | medium | null |
simple_008 | simple_function_calling | ذكّرني أدفع فاتورة الكهرباء بكرة الساعة عشر الصبح | msa | [
"set_reminder",
"schedule_meeting",
"send_message"
] | [
{
"function": "set_reminder",
"arguments": {
"message": "دفع فاتورة الكهرباء",
"datetime": "غداً الساعة 10 صباحاً"
}
}
] | medium | null |
simple_009 | simple_function_calling | احسب لي زكاة مبلغ خمسين ألف ريال نقداً | msa | [
"calculate_zakat",
"convert_currency",
"send_money"
] | [
{
"function": "calculate_zakat",
"arguments": {
"amount": 50000,
"currency": "SAR",
"type": "cash"
}
}
] | easy | null |
simple_010 | simple_function_calling | ابحث عن وظائف مهندس برمجيات في الرياض دوام كامل | msa | [
"search_jobs",
"schedule_meeting",
"send_message"
] | [
{
"function": "search_jobs",
"arguments": {
"title": "مهندس برمجيات",
"city": "الرياض",
"type": "full-time"
}
}
] | easy | null |
param_001 | parameter_extraction | أرسل رسالة لأحمد على الواتساب تقول له مبروك الترقية | msa | [
"send_message",
"schedule_meeting"
] | [
{
"function": "send_message",
"arguments": {
"recipient": "أحمد",
"platform": "whatsapp",
"message": "مبروك الترقية"
}
}
] | easy | null |
param_002 | parameter_extraction | اطلب لي شاورما ودجاج مشوي من مطعم البيك توصيل لحي العليا | msa | [
"order_food",
"search_restaurants",
"book_table"
] | [
{
"function": "order_food",
"arguments": {
"restaurant": "البيك",
"items": "شاورما ودجاج مشوي",
"address": "حي العليا"
}
}
] | medium | null |
param_003 | parameter_extraction | رتّب لي اجتماع مع فريق التسويق يوم الأحد الساعة ٢ الظهر عنوانه مراجعة الحملة الإعلانية | msa | [
"schedule_meeting",
"set_reminder",
"send_message"
] | [
{
"function": "schedule_meeting",
"arguments": {
"title": "مراجعة الحملة الإعلانية",
"date": "الأحد",
"time": "٢ الظهر",
"participants": "فريق التسويق"
}
}
] | medium | null |
param_004 | parameter_extraction | حوّل ثلاثمئة يورو لليرة التركية | msa | [
"convert_currency",
"send_money"
] | [
{
"function": "convert_currency",
"arguments": {
"amount": 300,
"from_currency": "EUR",
"to_currency": "TRY"
}
}
] | medium | null |
param_005 | parameter_extraction | احجز طاولة لأربعة أشخاص في مطعم نصرت يوم الجمعة الساعة ٨ المساء | msa | [
"book_table",
"search_restaurants",
"order_food"
] | [
{
"function": "book_table",
"arguments": {
"restaurant": "نصرت",
"date": "الجمعة",
"time": "٨ المساء",
"guests": 4
}
}
] | easy | null |
param_006 | parameter_extraction | حوّل لأخوي محمد مبلغ خمسمئة ريال | msa | [
"send_money",
"convert_currency",
"send_message"
] | [
{
"function": "send_money",
"arguments": {
"recipient": "محمد",
"amount": 500,
"currency": "SAR"
}
}
] | easy | null |
param_007 | parameter_extraction | ترجم لي الجملة التالية من العربي للإنجليزي: السلام عليكم كيف حالكم | msa | [
"translate_text",
"send_message"
] | [
{
"function": "translate_text",
"arguments": {
"text": "السلام عليكم كيف حالكم",
"from_lang": "ar",
"to_lang": "en"
}
}
] | easy | null |
param_008 | parameter_extraction | احجز لي سيارة من المطار إلى فندق هيلتون | msa | [
"book_car",
"get_traffic",
"book_hotel"
] | [
{
"function": "book_car",
"arguments": {
"pickup": "المطار",
"destination": "فندق هيلتون",
"type": "ride"
}
}
] | easy | null |
multi_001 | multi_step | احجز لي طاولة في أفضل مطعم في الرياض ثم أرسل الموقع لزوجتي سارة على الواتساب | msa | [
"search_restaurants",
"book_table",
"send_message"
] | [
{
"function": "search_restaurants",
"arguments": {
"city": "الرياض"
}
},
{
"function": "book_table",
"arguments": {
"restaurant": "*",
"guests": 2
}
},
{
"function": "send_message",
"arguments": {
"recipient": "سارة",
"platform": "whatsapp"
}... | hard | null |
multi_002 | multi_step | شوف لي الطقس في إسطنبول وإذا حلو احجز لي رحلة من جدة | msa | [
"get_weather",
"search_flights",
"book_hotel"
] | [
{
"function": "get_weather",
"arguments": {
"city": "إسطنبول"
}
},
{
"function": "search_flights",
"arguments": {
"from_city": "جدة",
"to_city": "إسطنبول"
}
}
] | hard | null |
multi_003 | multi_step | احسب زكاة مالي اللي هو عشرين ألف دولار وحوّلها لريال سعودي | msa | [
"calculate_zakat",
"convert_currency"
] | [
{
"function": "calculate_zakat",
"arguments": {
"amount": 20000,
"currency": "USD"
}
},
{
"function": "convert_currency",
"arguments": {
"from_currency": "USD",
"to_currency": "SAR"
}
}
] | medium | null |
multi_004 | multi_step | ابحث عن مطعم سمك في جدة ثم اطلب لي سمك مشوي وروبيان توصيل للبيت | msa | [
"search_restaurants",
"order_food",
"get_traffic"
] | [
{
"function": "search_restaurants",
"arguments": {
"city": "جدة",
"cuisine": "سمك"
}
},
{
"function": "order_food",
"arguments": {
"items": "سمك مشوي وروبيان"
}
}
] | medium | null |
multi_005 | multi_step | شوف حالة المرور من البيت للمكتب وإذا زحمة رتّب لي اجتماع أونلاين بدل الحضوري | msa | [
"get_traffic",
"schedule_meeting",
"send_message"
] | [
{
"function": "get_traffic",
"arguments": {
"from_location": "البيت",
"to_location": "المكتب"
}
},
{
"function": "schedule_meeting",
"arguments": {
"title": "اجتماع أونلاين"
}
}
] | hard | null |
multi_006 | multi_step | ابحث لي عن رحلات من الدمام لدبي يوم السبت واحجز فندق هناك ليلتين | msa | [
"search_flights",
"book_hotel",
"get_weather"
] | [
{
"function": "search_flights",
"arguments": {
"from_city": "الدمام",
"to_city": "دبي",
"date": "السبت"
}
},
{
"function": "book_hotel",
"arguments": {
"city": "دبي"
}
}
] | medium | null |
select_003 | tool_selection | ابحث لي عن آية تتكلم عن الرحمة في سورة الفاتحة | msa | [
"find_quran_verse",
"translate_text",
"get_news",
"search_jobs",
"get_weather",
"book_hotel",
"send_message",
"calculate_zakat",
"get_stock_price",
"order_food"
] | [
{
"function": "find_quran_verse",
"arguments": {
"query": "الرحمة",
"surah": 1
}
}
] | medium | null |
error_001 | error_recovery | أرسل رسالة لخالد على التلغرام | msa | [
"send_message"
] | [
{
"function": "send_message",
"arguments": {
"recipient": "خالد",
"platform": "telegram",
"message": ""
}
}
] | easy | {
"error": "محتوى الرسالة مطلوب",
"code": "MISSING_FIELD"
} |
error_002 | error_recovery | احجز لي رحلة من القمر إلى المريخ | msa | [
"search_flights",
"book_hotel"
] | [
{
"function": "search_flights",
"arguments": {
"from_city": "القمر",
"to_city": "المريخ"
}
}
] | easy | {
"error": "المدينة غير موجودة",
"code": "INVALID_CITY"
} |
error_003 | error_recovery | حوّل عشر ملايين دولار لزوجتي أمل | msa | [
"send_money",
"convert_currency"
] | [
{
"function": "send_money",
"arguments": {
"recipient": "أمل",
"amount": 10000000,
"currency": "USD"
}
}
] | medium | {
"error": "المبلغ يتجاوز الحد المسموح",
"code": "AMOUNT_EXCEEDED"
} |
error_004 | error_recovery | شوف سعر سهم شركة أبجد في تداول | msa | [
"get_stock_price",
"get_news"
] | [
{
"function": "get_stock_price",
"arguments": {
"symbol": "أبجد",
"market": "tadawul"
}
}
] | easy | {
"error": "الرمز غير موجود في السوق",
"code": "SYMBOL_NOT_FOUND"
} |
error_005 | error_recovery | شوف حالة تأشيرتي رقم الطلب XYZ | msa | [
"check_visa_status"
] | [
{
"function": "check_visa_status",
"arguments": {
"application_id": "XYZ"
}
}
] | easy | {
"error": "رقم جواز السفر مطلوب",
"code": "MISSING_FIELD"
} |
error_006 | error_recovery | اطلب بيتزا من مطعم بيتزا الملك توصيل لحي السلام | msa | [
"order_food"
] | [
{
"function": "order_food",
"arguments": {
"restaurant": "بيتزا الملك",
"items": "بيتزا",
"address": "حي السلام"
}
}
] | easy | {
"error": "المطعم مغلق حالياً",
"code": "RESTAURANT_CLOSED"
} |
param_009 | parameter_extraction | أرسل لخالتي فاطمة إيميل تقول فيه كل عام وأنتم بخير | msa | [
"send_message",
"set_reminder"
] | [
{
"function": "send_message",
"arguments": {
"recipient": "فاطمة",
"platform": "email",
"message": "كل عام وأنتم بخير"
}
}
] | easy | null |
Arabic Agent Eval — Dataset Card
An open, installable Arabic function-calling benchmark with dialect splits.
Dataset summary
51 evaluation items spanning 6 categories and 5 dialects of Arabic, testing whether large language models can (a) select the right tool, (b) extract arguments from natural Arabic instructions, (c) preserve Arabic text in tool arguments instead of transliterating, and (d) understand dialectal framing.
Supported tasks
- Function-calling evaluation — items pair Arabic instructions with expected structured tool calls.
- Tool-use argument extraction — items declare
expected_calls[i].argumentsthat the model's output is compared against via canonical structured-call grading. - Dialect-robustness evaluation — dialect-labeled items enable cross-dialect variance analysis for any agent.
Languages
Arabic only. Five dialect registers: Modern Standard Arabic (msa), Gulf (gulf), Egyptian (egyptian), Levantine (levantine), Maghrebi (maghrebi).
Dataset structure
Each row is a single evaluation item. See docs/schema.md for full schema. Example:
{
"id": "dialect_001",
"category": "dialect_handling",
"instruction": "ابي أحجز فندق في دبي بكرة",
"dialect": "gulf",
"available_functions": ["book_hotel", "search_flights", "get_weather"],
"expected_calls": [
{"function": "book_hotel", "arguments": {"city": "دبي", "check_in": "غداً"}}
],
"difficulty": "easy"
}
Splits
| Split | Items | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
msa |
32 | Modern Standard Arabic baseline |
gulf |
10 | Gulf dialect (Saudi, UAE, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman) |
egyptian |
3 | Egyptian dialect |
levantine |
4 | Levantine dialect (Jordan, Palestine, Syria, Lebanon) |
maghrebi |
2 | Maghrebi dialect (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia) |
all |
51 | concatenation of the five dialect splits |
Non-MSA dialects are undersampled in v0.1.0 (see docs/baselines.md). Use per-dialect averages as directional signal, not as final rankings.
Categories
| Category | Arabic | Items | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simple Function Calling | استدعاء بسيط | 10 | 0.20 |
| Parameter Extraction | استخراج المعاملات | 9 | 0.20 |
| Multi-Step Reasoning | تفكير متعدد الخطوات | 7 | 0.20 |
| Dialect Handling | معالجة اللهجات | 12 | 0.15 |
| Tool Selection | اختيار الأداة | 7 | 0.15 |
| Error Recovery | معالجة الأخطاء | 6 | 0.10 |
Tool registry
22 Arabic-context tool definitions ship alongside the items, covering Islamic services (prayer times, zakat, Quran search), GCC financial services (Tadawul stocks, multi-currency conversion, money transfer), regional consumer actions (ride-hailing, food delivery, hotel booking), and communication (WhatsApp, SMS, email). See data/functions.json.
Source data
Items are hand-written native Arabic instructions drawn from real regional use cases (Saudi, UAE, Egyptian, Levantine, Moroccan). Authored by the repository maintainer (a native Arabic speaker and digital-marketing practitioner). No data scraped or model-generated.
Personal and sensitive information
None. Items use fictitious names (e.g. أحمد, سارة, محمد) and generic city references.
Licensing
Data: CC-BY-4.0 (data/, dataset_card.md, docs/)
Code: Apache-2.0 (arabic_agent_eval/, tests/, scripts/)
See LICENSES.md.
Citation
@software{arabic_agent_eval_2026,
title = {Arabic Agent Eval: An open, dialect-split Arabic function-calling benchmark},
author = {Abumazin, Mousa},
year = {2026},
url = {https://github.com/Moshe-ship/arabic-agent-eval}
}
Limitations and biases
- Dialect coverage is uneven in v0.1.0 (32 MSA / 10 Gulf / 4 Levantine / 3 Egyptian / 2 Maghrebi). Per-dialect statistics from the rare splits are directional only.
- GCC bias in the tool registry — Gulf-region contexts dominate (Saudi addresses, Tadawul, AED/SAR currency defaults).
- No intra-dialect paraphrase variance in v0.1.0. Scheduled for expansion.
- English tool names with Arabic descriptions — models trained primarily on English function-calling may have a spurious advantage on function selection. See docs/grading.md.
- No automatic audio, RTL-UI, or code-switching tests. Text-only evaluation.
- Grading normalizes Arabic variants conservatively (alef, ya, ta-marbuta, tatweel) but does not apply deep lemmatization. Edge cases may score lower than a human would award.
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